Walters Ms. W.110, Psalter Seven verses of St. Bernard, and prayer Liturgical Psalter Canticles Litany, petitions, and collects Added prayers Psalter Principal cataloger Randall, Lilian M.C. Cataloger Herbert, Lynley Editor Herbert, Lynley Copy editor Dibble, Charles Contributor Emery, Doug Contributor Noel, William Contributor Schuele, Allyson Contributor Tabritha, Ariel Contributor Toth, Michael B. Contributor Wiegand, Kimber Conservator Owen, Linda Conservator Quandt, Abigail The Walters Art Museum

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 This charming but fragmentary and misbound Psalter was created in French Flanders for a lady in the first decades of the fourteenth century. The figures in the manuscript are stylistically related to those found in Ghent (diocese of Tournai), the most notable comparisons being manuscripts connected to Copenhagen, Royal Lib. GKS 3384 8°, such as Cambridge, Trinity Lib., Ms. B.II.22, Bodleian, Ms. Douce 5-6, and the Walters' own W.82. Other relationships can be found with works from Saint-Omer, in the diocese of Thérouanne, where the treatment of the borders is strikingly similar to those found, for instance, in W.90. Notes and prayers written, erased, and rewritten over the course of centuries on the originally blank pages of the book attest to its constant use up through at least the seventeenth century. Baltimore The Walters Art Museum W.110 The primary language in this manuscript is Latin. 1r - 218v Psalter Manuscript badly scrambled and missing folios 2r - 2v Seven verses of St. Bernard, and prayer [I]llumina octulos [sic for "oculos"] meos domine ihesu xriste Texts added ca. sixteenth century; incipit for prayer, fol. 2v: Omnipotens sempiterne deus qui Ezachieli [sic for "Ezechie] regi iude 3r - 193v Liturgical Psalter Aaudate [initial "A" mistakenly drawn instead of "L"] dominum omnes gentes Liturgical Psalter incomplete and misbound; begins imperfectly with Psalm 116.2; contents following this are scrambled and fragmentary; five major divisions survive (fol. 36v: Ps. 26; fol. 72v: Ps. 51; fol. 91v: Ps. 52; fol. 132v: Ps. 97; fol. 136v: Ps. 101) as well as a division at the first Gradual Psalm (fol. 171r: Ps. 119); ends imperfectly with Psalm 147.16: Qui dat niuem sicut lanam nebu[lam] 194r - 213r Canticles [Ego dixi...] Generatio mea ablata est Incomplete; begins imperfectly 213r - 218r Litany, petitions, and collects Kyrieleyson Fols. 213r-216r: litany, with combination of Northern French and Southern Netherlandish saints, notably Piatus (Tournai), Audomar (St. Omer), and Bavo (Ghent); sixteen apostles from John the Baptist to Mark; twenty-nine martyrs, including Dionysius, Gereon, Lambert, Quintinus, Boniface, Livin, and Piatus; seventeen confessors, including Remigius, Anthony, Donatian, Basil, Benedict, Nicholas, Leonard, Amandus, Audomar, and Bavo; nine virgins, including Mary Magdalene, Mary Egyptian, Christina, and Gertrude; fols. 216 r-v: Petitions and invocations; fols. 216v-218r: six collects 218v - 218v Added prayers Prayers written in seventeenth-century hand over erased earlier inscription

Medium-weight, well-prepared parchment

 Foliation: i+218+i11.0 8.0 6.8 4.5 The folios are numbered up to 218, but a number was skipped between fols. 185 and 187, so there is one less folio than it appears

Collation not determinable; manuscript incomplete and badly misbound; appears to have originally been composed of quires of eight Many later signatures, ca. sixteenth-seventeenth century, still visible; lowercase letters with one to four lines over them, found in lower right corners of rectos, i.e. fols. 23r-25r Occasionally extant, i.e. fol. 21v

Layout does not apply to later additions in back and front of manuscript, which are freehand Script is textura, tending toward semi-quadrata and occasionally precissa; hand change evident fol. 113v, line 5 Large historiated initials fols. 36v, 72v, 91v, 132v, 136v, and 171r Six extant historiated initials (5-11 lines); many smaller initials throughout filled with mostly female human heads, or decorated with foliate designs (3 lines); drolleries throughout, mostly animals and hybrids; original donor possibly pictured in marginalia, fols. 132v and 136v; alternating blue and gold flourished initials for versals (1 line); pages with historiated or decorated initials often have foliate borders, some terminating with animal heads; geometric red and blue line fillers, often accented with gold disks; later, probably fifteenth-century marginal figures added occasionally in brown ink (i.e. fol. 34r); text in dark brown ink Initial "D" with God blessing King David, who kneels in prayer before Him Psalm 26 Historiated initial "D," 10 lines Initial "Q" with King David pointing at devil Psalm 51 Historiated initial "Q," 10 lines Initial "D" with the fool biting loaf of bread Psalm 52 Historiated initial "D," 11 lines Initial "C" with clerics standing at altar Psalm 97 Historiated initial "C," 6 lines Initial "D" with King David praying at altar; female donor pictured in prayer in right margin Psalm 101 Historiated initial "D," 7 lines Initial "A" with God holding T-sphere Psalm 119 Historiated initial "A," 5 lines

Rebound with red velvet in Paris by Léon Gruel, late nineteenth or early twentieth century; originally sewn with five bands, re-sewn out of order with three cords; page edges re-gilded at this time; Gruel-made telescopic book box replaced by Walters conservation department 1986-87

 Ca. 1310-20 CE Flanders or French Flanders Created for female patron (see kneeling female figures fols. 132v and 136v) ca. 1300-10; illumination style suggests Ghent, in the diocese of Tournai, or Saint-Omer, in the diocese of Thérouanne Notations by later, unidentified owners throughout, datable to fifteenth through seventeenth centuries Léon Gruel, Paris, owned in late nineteenth or early twentieth century; Gruel and Engelmann bookplate on pastedown of upper board, inscribed "No. 374"; same number, along with penciled "No. 5," on Gruel dealer description originally pasted to first flyleaf and removed by Dorothy Miner, now in file (but imaged with manuscript here) Henry Walters, Baltimore, purchased from Gruel between 1900 and 1931 Walters Art Museum, 1931, by Henry Walters' bequest Relevant Works Collection Leon Gruel. Paris, n.d; cat. no. 5. De Ricci, Seymour, and W. J. Wilson. Census of Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts in the United States and Canada. Vol. 1. New York: H. W. Wilson Company, 1935; p. 772, cat. no. 93. Randall, Lillian M.C. Images on the Margins of Gothic Manuscripts. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1966; p. 38 and passim. Oliver, Judith H. Gothic Manuscript Illumination in the Diocese of Liège (c. 1250-1330), vol. 1. Corpus of Illuminated Manuscripts from the Low Countries, 3. Leuven: Peeters, 1988; p. 152. Randall, Lilian M. C. Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts in the Walters Art Gallery. Vol. 3, Belgium, 1250-1530. Baltimore and London: Johns Hopkins University Press in association with the Walters Art Gallery, 1997; pp. 74-77, cat. no. 224. Gy, Pierre-Marie. "Bulletin de liturgie." Revue des sciences philosophiques et théologiques 84 (2000): 513-544; p. 520. Büttner, F.O. "Form and History: Der illuminierte Psalter im Westen." In The Illuminated Psalter. Edited by F.O. Bütner, 1-106. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols, 2004; p. 31. Art Medicine Museum Poetry Script Muhammad, the Prophet Kashmiri Horses Walters Art Museum Document Astrology Devotion History Legal Literature -- Poetry Literature -- Prose Liturgy Philosophy Science Science -- Medicine Scripture Sufism Theology Mineralogy Logic Geography Geomancy Cosmology Cartography Fortune-telling Koran Qur`an Firman Palimpsest Prayer Bible Gospels Psalter Missal Lectionary Book of Hours Antiphonary Homilary Processional Horologion Breviary Hymnal Chronicle Maghreb Sub-Saharan (West) Africa Turkey Afghanistan Central Asia Egypt England India Iran Iraq Pakistan Germany France Austria Netherlands Ethiopia Armenia Flanders Greece Mamluk Mughal Ottoman Ottonian Armenian Byzantine Abbasid Qajar Rajput Christian Arabic Austrian Dutch Egyptian Fatimid German Indian Islamic Persian Safavid Timurid Turkish Umayyad English French Flemish Ethiopian Carolingian Calligraphy Colophon Headpiece Illumination Illustration Medallion Miniature Ornament Painting Early Abbasid script Ragini Romanesque Gothic Watermark Grotesques Historiated initial Inhabited initial White-vine lettering Textura Batarda Humanistic Uncial Accordion book Album Book Codex Manuscript Heraldry Saint's Life Drawing Grisaille Binding New Abbasid style Musical notation Russia Romania Charter Russian Genealogy Mass book Prayer book Gospel Lectionary Psalter-Hours Treatise Grammar Gloss Pontifical Private devotional text Gradual Protective scroll Scroll 10th century 11th century 12th century 13th century 14th century 15th century 16th century 17th century 18th century 19th century 20th century 8th century 9th century Block book Caroline minuscule Central Arab lands (Near East) Chart English secretary hand Kufic Gothic book hand Original binding Treasure binding Gospel Book Spanish Spain Italian Italy Coptic Scrapbook American United States Maryland Historical Society Friendship book Friendship Biography Judaism Talmud Liturgical Devotional Scriptural Theological Legal Historical Scientific Scientific -- Medical Literary -- Prose Literary -- Poetry Philosophical Astrological Sufi English Psalter Flemish Book Drawing Grotesques Historiated initial Illumination Manuscript Ornament Walters Art Museum Flanders 14th century Devotion Scripture Christian