Walters Ms. W.177, Book of Hours (Use of Rome) Calendar Hours of the Virgin Advent Office of the Virgin Seven Penitential Psalms Litany, petitions, and collects Office of the Dead Hours of the Cross Hours of the Holy Spirit Mass of the Virgin Book of Hours artist Circle of Willem Vrelant Circle of Guillaume Vrelant Principal cataloger Randall, Lilian M.C. Cataloger Kladstrup, Regan Editor Herbert, Lynley Copy editor Dibble, Charles Contributor Emery, Doug Contributor Herbold, Rebekah Contributor Noel, William Contributor Schuele, Allyson Contributor Tabritha, Ariel Contributor Toth, Michael B. Contributor Wiegand, Kimber Conservator Owen, Linda Conservator Quandt, Abigail The Walters Art Museum

Licensed for use under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported Access Rights, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/legalcode. It is requested that copies of any published articles based on the information in this data set be sent to the curator of manuscripts, The Walters Art Museum, 600 North Charles Street, Baltimore MD 21201.

 This pocket-size Flemish Book of Hours was created in Bruges between 1460 and 1470. A heavy contingent of South Netherlandish and northern French saints in the litany helps localize its production. The Italianate script and later Italian provenance suggest that the manuscript might have been created for a member of the Italian community in Bruges. It contains twelve full-page miniatures produced by a single artist working in the style of the prolific mid-fifteenth-century Flemish illuminator Willem Vrelant. Several other Books of Hours in the Walters' collection are similar in style to this manuscript, exhibiting the characteristics of the Vrelant circle, notably W.179, W.180, and W.183. Baltimore The Walters Art Museum W.177 The primary language in this manuscript is Latin. 1r - 229v Book of Hours 2r - 13v Calendar Januarius xxxi Luna: xxx. Calendar half-full; graded in red and black ink; Franciscan interest evident in selection of saints, mainly South Netherlandish and northern French; saints of note are: Amandus and Vedast (Feb. 6), Perpetua (Mar. 6), Eutropius (Mar. 31), Gertrude (Mar. 17), Sophia (May 15), Francis (May 24, translation), Basil (June 14), Thomas Becket (July 3, translation), Bernard (Aug. 20), Aegydius (Sept. 1), Bertin (Sept. 4), Nicholas of Tolentino (Sept. 10), Remigius and Bavo (Oct. 1), Francis (Oct. 4), Donatian (Oct. 14), Livin (Nov. 12), Maclovius (Nov. 14) 14r - 101v Hours of the Virgin Incipit officium beate marie virginis secundum usum romane ecclesie. Ad matutinas. Domine labia mea aperies Use of Rome 102r - 113v Advent Office of the Virgin Incipit officium beate marie virginis quod dicitur per totum adventum. ad vesperas. Deus in adiutorium meum intende 114r - 128r Seven Penitential Psalms Incipiunt septem psalmi penitenciales. antiphona. Ne reminiscaris. Domine ne in furore tuo arguas me 128r - 138v Litany, petitions, and collects Letanie. Kyrieleison Fols. 128r-138v: litany with saints for Use of Rome, Franciscan sympathy indicated, comprising fifteen apostles, evangelists, disciples, innocents (Peter to Mark); eleven martyrs, including Christopher; twelve confessors, including Bernard, Francis, Louis of Toulouse, Bernardinus; nine virgins, widows, "continentes," including Mary Magdalene, Agnes, Clare, Gertrude; fols. 131r-134r: petitions, invocations, and Psalm 69; fols. 134r-135v: imprecations; fols. 136r-138v: eleven collects 139r - 195r Office of the Dead Incipit officium vigilie mortuorum a. ps. Placebo. Dilexi qui exaudiet dominus Use of Rome 196r - 204v Hours of the Cross Incipit officium de sancta cruce. Ad matutinas. Domine labia mea aperies 205r - 214v Hours of the Holy Spirit Incipit officium de sancto spiritu Domine labia mea aperies 215r - 229v Mass of the Virgin Incipit missa beate marie virginis Et introibo ad altare dei

Well-finished, well-selected, clean white parchment, thin to medium weight, with thicker leaves for inserted miniatures

 Foliation: i+229+i8.0 6.0 4.8 3.0 Pencil foliation, upper right corners rectos

Quire 1: 8, with first folio cancelled (fols. 1-7); Quire 2: 6 (fols. 8-13); Quire 3: 8, with first folio cancelled and second folio added (fols. 14-21); Quires 4-5: 8 (fols. 22-37); Quire 6: 8, with second folio added (fols. 38-46); Quire 7: 8 (fols. 47-54); Quire 8: 8, with first and eighth folios added (fols. 55-64); Quire 9: 4 (fols. 65-68); Quire 10: 8, with first and eighth folios added (fols. 69-78); Quire 11: 8, with fifth folio added (fols. 79-87); Quire 12: 8, fifth folio added one removed (uncertain which one) (fols. 88-95); Quire 13: 6 (fols. 96-101); Quire 14: 8, with first folio added (fols. 102-110); Quire 15: 8 (fols. 111-118); Quire 16: 4 (fols. 119-122); Quires 17-18: 8 (fols. 123-138); Quire 19: 8, with first folio added (fols. 139-147); Quires 20-25: 8 (fols. 148-195); Quire 26: 8, with ninth folio added and later removed (fols. 196-203); Quire 27: 8, with second folio added (fols. 204-212); Quire 28: 8 (fols. 213-220); Quire 29: 8, with ninth folio as singleton (fols. 221-229) None Cropped catchword extant in lower right corner of 110v, in text hand, brown ink Quires open flesh-side out except for illuminated folios

 Layout does not apply to calendar (3 columns); ruled in red ink Large decorated illuminated initial and foliate margins on 114r; lacks full-page miniature before fol. 144 Italianate gotica rotunda Full-page miniatures fols. 14v, 39v, 55v, 62v, 69v, 76v, 83v, and 94v; decorated illuminated initials fols. 15r, 40r, 56r, 63r, 70r, 77r, 84r, and 95r Full-page miniature on fol. 102v; large decorated illuminated initial on fol. 103r Full-page miniature with foliate margins on fol. 139v; large decorated illuminated initial and foliate margins on fol. 140r Large decorated illuminated initial and foliate margins on fol. 196r Full-page miniature with foliate margins on fol. 205v; large decorated illuminated initial and foliate margins on fol. 206r Cropped full-page miniature affixed at a later date to blank portion of fol. 229r; large decorated illuminated initial and foliate margins on fol. 215r Eleven full-page miniatures (at least one other now lacking) with foliate margins on four sides facing opening pages of text; one cropped full-page miniature affixed to blank portion of final recto; fourteen large decorated illuminated initials (5-6 lines) usually facing miniatures and with matching foliate margins; foliate margins feature drolleries (usually birds and hybrids) at base; illuminated initials at secondary text divisions in gold against blue or pink grounds (3 lines); "K L" in calendar in gold against blue and pink grounds with white outlines (2 lines); flourished initials in alternating blue or gold with red and black flourishes throughout; geometric line fillers in gold and blue (in litany only); rubrics and major feast days in red; text in black ink Annunciation Hours of the Virgin: Matins Full-page miniature Visitation Hours of the Virgin: Lauds Full-page miniature Nativity-Adoration Hours of the Virgin: Prime Full-page miniature Annunciation to the shepherds Hours of the Virgin: Terce Full-page miniature Adoration of the Magi Hours of the Virgin: Sext Full-page miniature Presentation in the Temple Hours of the Virgin: None Full-page miniature Massacre of an Innocent Hours of the Virgin: Vespers Full-page miniature Flight into Egypt; Fall of an idol Hours of the Virgin: Compline Full-page miniature Christ blessing the Virgin Advent Office of the Virgin Full-page miniature Funeral service Office of the Dead Full-page miniature Pentecost Hours of the Holy Spirit Full-page miniature Crucifixion Mass of the Virgin Full-page miniature, cropped and affixed to blank portion of final recto

Italian eighteenth-century full brown morocco, resewn on three single cords; gilt decorative roll borders on boards with foliate decorations in all corners; flat spine with three panels (not aligned with sewing stations) framed in gilt, each with foliate ornament at center; all edges gilt; twelve modern leather dealer tabs (or remains thereof) at fore-edge; black-speckled blue paper pastedowns

 Ca. 1460-70 CE Bruges, Flanders Made in Bruges, ca. 1460-70, for the Use of Rome, in the circle of Willem Vrelant, probably for a member of the Italian community in Bruges Franciscus Antonius Noveria, eighteenth-century gift inscription on verso of front flyleaf: "Ad usum Francisci Antonii Noveriae(?) ex dono C.M." Léon Gruel, Paris, late nineteenth or early twentieth century; his catalog number "No 841" on recto of front flyleaf Henry Walters, Baltimore, acquired from Gruel before 1931 Walters Art Museum, 1931, by Henry Walters' bequest Relevant Works De Ricci, Seymour, and W. J. Wilson. Census of Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts in the United States and Canada. Vol. 1. New York: H. W. Wilson Company, 1935; p. 813, cat. no. 345. "Bulletin Codicologique." Scriptorium 27 (1973); p. 395. Owens, Michelle B."Musical Subjects in the Illumination of Books of Hours from Fifteenth-Century France and Flanders." Ph.D. diss, University of Chicago, 1987; p. 390. Randall, Lilian M. C. Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts in the Walters Art Gallery. Vol. 3, Belgium, 1250-1530. Baltimore and London: Johns Hopkins University Press in association with the Walters Art Gallery, 1997; pp. 275-278, cat. no. 255. Christie's. Sale 6237--Fine Books and Manuscripts. South Kensington, London, 19 June 2012; ref. under lot 3 "St. Nicholas and the Miracle at Sea, Full-Page Miniature on a Leaf from a Book of Hours, Illuminated Manuscript on Vellum, [Southern Netherlands, Probably Bruges, c.1470]." Art Medicine Museum Poetry Script Muhammad, the Prophet Kashmiri Horses Walters Art Museum Document Astrology Devotion History Legal Literature -- Poetry Literature -- Prose Liturgy Philosophy Science Science -- Medicine Scripture Sufism Theology Mineralogy Logic Geography Geomancy Cosmology Cartography Fortune-telling Koran Qur`an Firman Palimpsest Prayer Bible Gospels Psalter Missal Lectionary Book of Hours Antiphonary Homilary Processional Horologion Breviary Hymnal Chronicle Maghreb Sub-Saharan (West) Africa Turkey Afghanistan Central Asia Egypt England India Iran Iraq Pakistan Germany France Austria Netherlands Ethiopia Armenia Flanders Greece Mamluk Mughal Ottoman Ottonian Armenian Byzantine Abbasid Qajar Rajput Christian Arabic Austrian Dutch Egyptian Fatimid German Indian Islamic Persian Safavid Timurid Turkish Umayyad English French Flemish Ethiopian Carolingian Calligraphy Colophon Headpiece Illumination Illustration Medallion Miniature Ornament Painting Early Abbasid script Ragini Romanesque Gothic Watermark Grotesques Historiated initial Inhabited initial White-vine lettering Textura Batarda Humanistic Uncial Accordion book Album Book Codex Manuscript Heraldry Saint's Life Drawing Grisaille New Abbasid style Musical notation Russia Romania Charter Russian Genealogy Mass book Prayer book Gospel Lectionary Psalter-Hours Treatise Grammar Gloss Pontifical Private devotional text Gradual Protective scroll Scroll 10th century 11th century 12th century 13th century 14th century 15th century 16th century 17th century 18th century 19th century 20th century 8th century 9th century Block book Caroline minuscule Central Arab lands (Near East) Chart English secretary hand Kufic Gothic book hand Original binding Treasure binding Gospel Book Spanish Spain Italian Italy Coptic Scrapbook American United States Maryland Historical Society Friendship book Friendship Biography Judaism Talmud Collection of Sermons Notable Notable binding Liturgical Devotional Scriptural Theological Legal Historical Scientific Scientific -- Medical Literary -- Prose Literary -- Poetry Philosophical Astrological Sufi English Christian Codex Manuscript Walters Art Museum Book of Hours Flemish Italian Book Illumination Miniature Painting Flanders Italy 15th century Devotion