Walters Ms. W.186, Book of Hours Calendar Hours of the Cross Hours of the Holy Spirit Hours of the Virgin Seven Penitential Psalms Litany, petitions, and collects Office of the Dead Prayers and Gospel Sequences Suffrages Book of Hours artist Circle of Willem Vrelant artist Masters of the Gold Scrolls artist Master of the Beady Eyes Principal cataloger Randall, Lilian M.C. Cataloger Mergen, Christopher Editor Herbert, Lynley Copy editor Dibble, Charles Contributor Emery, Doug Contributor Mergen, Christopher Contributor Noel, William Contributor Tabritha, Ariel Contributor Toth, Michael B. Contributor Wiegand, Kimber Conservator Owen, Linda Conservator Quandt, Abigail The Walters Art Museum

Licensed for use under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported Access Rights, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/legalcode. It is requested that copies of any published articles based on the information in this data set be sent to the curator of manuscripts, The Walters Art Museum, 600 North Charles Street, Baltimore MD 21201.

 This richly illuminated Book of Hours was produced ca. 1460 in Bruges by an artist in the circle of Willem Vrelant, whose work was influenced by the Masters of the Gold Scrolls and Master of the Beady Eyes. Allusions to the order of Franciscans and Augustinians in the litany and calendar, and the prominent depiction of female saints in the All Saints miniature (fol. 293r) indicate that the book was originally created for a female patron, possibly connected to one of these orders. Much of the existing scholarship on the book's twenty-two full-page miniatures has focused on the depictions of angelic musicians, such as those found on fol. 278v. Also of interest is the presence of multiple pilgrimage badge impressions on the final folio (fol. 295v). Baltimore The Walters Art Museum W.186 The primary language in this manuscript is Latin. 1r - 294v Book of Hours 1r - 12v Calendar Januarius habet dies xxxi. luna xxx Calendar one quarter to one half full; graded in red and black; contains saints from Franciscan and Augustinian traditions, including William the Great (Feb. 10), Anicetus (Apr. 17), Eutropius (Apr. 3), Ivo (May 19), Nicholas of Tolentino (Jun. 5), Anthony of Padua (Jun. 13), Theobald (Jul. 9), Martha (Jul. 27), Sixtus II (Aug. 6), Donatus (Aug. 7), Clare (Aug. 12), Louis of France (Aug. 25), Cyprian (Sep. 25), Aegydius and Bavo (Oct. 1), Remigius (Oct. 2), Gerald (Oct. 13) Anianus (Nov. 17) 13r - 20r Hours of the Cross Domine labia mea 21r - 28r Hours of the Holy Spirit Domine labia mea 29r - 132v Hours of the Virgin Domine labia mea Use of Rome; fols. 30r-130r: Hours of the Virgin; fols. 130r-132v: antiphons (after Compline) 133r - 154v Seven Penitential Psalms ...me fac propter Begins imperfectly, with opening folio missing 154v - 171v Litany, petitions, and collects Letanie Kyrieleyson Fols. 154v-171v: Litany, with fifteen evangelists/disciples/apostles/innocents from Peter to Luke; seventeen martyrs, including Exuperius, Dionysius, Maurice; fourteen pontiffs/doctors/confessors, including Anianus, Veranus (rare), Simplicianus (rare), Donatian; eleven monks and hermits/levites/priests, specifically Anthony (the Great), William the Great, Benedict, Paul 'prime hermita', Dominic, Francis, Leonard, Bernard, Ivo, Nicholas of Tolentino, Bernardinus of Siena (Franciscan, can. 1450); twelve widows and virgins, specifically Mary Magdalene, Agatha, Agnes, Catherine, Margarate, Monica (mother of St. Augustine, uncommon), Columbia, Gertrude, Barbara, Geneviève, Apollonia, Walburga ("Waldebrugis"); fols. 159v-167v: petitions and invocations; fols. 167v-171v: eleven collects 172r - 239v Office of the Dead Placebo Domino. Dilexi, quoniam exaudiet Three-lesson short form 232r - 271v Prayers and Gospel Sequences Fols. 232r-255v: six prayers; fols. 256r-267r: four Gospel sequences; fols. 267v-271v: prayer on the Seven Last Words of Christ with imperfect ending due to lost folio 272r - 294v Suffrages Omnipotens sempiterne Deus, qui dedisti famulis tuis Opening illumination missing; suffrages are to: fols. 272r-v: God; fols. 273r-276r: Corpus Christi (rhyming); fols. 276v-278r: Christ, "Salvator mundi"; fols. 278v-279v: the Virgin, "Ave regina celorum"; fols. 280r-281r: St. John the Baptist; fols. 281v-282v: St. Martin; fols. 283r-284v: St. Christopher; fols. 285r-286r: St. Adrian; fols. 288r-289v: St. Barbara; fols. 290r-291r: St. Catherine (rhyming); fols. 291v-292v: St. Margaret; fols. 293r-294v: All saints

Thin to medium-weight, well-prepared parchment; margins replaced on fore-edge fols. 75-77; parchment flyleaves contemporary with binding

 Foliation: i+294+iii12.2 8.8 6.7 4.0 Modern pencil foliation, upper right corner rectos

Quires 1-2: 6 (fols. 1-12); Quires 3-17: 8 (fols. 13-132); Quire 18: 8, lacking eighth folio (fols. 133-139); Quire 19-30: 8 (fols. 140-235); Quire 31: 4 (fols. 236-239); Quires 32-35: 8 (fols. 240-271); Quire 36: 8, lacking first folio (fols. 272-278); Quires 37-38: 8 (fols. 279-294) None Occasionally visible in center of lower margin, last verso of quire

Layout does not apply to calendar: written surface 4.2 x 6.5 cm, 3 columns, 17 lines Littera batarda Full-page miniature fol. 13r Full-page miniature fol. 21r Full-page miniature fol. 29r Full-page miniature fol. 172r Full-page miniatures on fols. 273r, 267v, 278v, 280r, 281v, 283r, 285r, 288r, 290r, 291v, and 293r; pilgrim badge impressions visible on fol. 294v Twenty-two extant full-page miniatures (two lacking after fols. 132 and 271); illuminated margins around full-page miniatures with flora; large decorated initials at each incipit (3 lines); small initials at secondary text divisions (2 lines); left-aligned flourished initials in litany and in text at versals (1 line); line fillers in gold and blue; rubrics in red; text in brown ink Crucifixion Hours of the Cross Full-page miniature Pentecost Hours of the Holy Spirit Full-page miniature Annunciation Hours of the Virgin: Matins Full-page miniature Visitation Hours of the Virgin: Lauds Full-page miniature Nativity-Adoration Hours of the Virgin: Prime Full-page miniature Annunciation to Shepherds (2) Hours of the Virgin: Terce Full-page miniature Adoration of Magi Hours of the Virgin: Sext Full-page miniature Presentation in Temple Hours of the Virgin: None Full-page miniature Massacre of the Innocents (2) Hours of the Virgin: Vespers Full-page miniature Flight into Egypt Hours of the Virgin: Compline Full-page miniature Funeral service Office of the Dead Full-page miniature Crucifixion-decorated Host set in gold monstrance with pearls supported by two angels Suffrages: Corpus Christi Full-page miniature Two angels serenading salvator mundi Suffrages Full-page miniature Two angels serenading Virgin and Child Suffrages Full-page miniature St. John the Baptist Suffrages Full-page miniature St. Martin dividing cloak for beggar Suffrages Full-page miniature Christ-Child carried by St. Christopher Suffrages Full-page miniature Two angels serenading St. Adrian, bounded by lute- and vielle-playing angels Suffrages Full-page miniature Angel serenading St. Barbara Suffrages Full-page miniature Two angels revering St. Catherine Suffrages Full-page miniature St. Margaret emerging from Dragon Suffrages Full-page miniature All Saints, with SS. Barbara, Peter, Catherine, Paul, Andrew, John the Evangelist (?) and a bishop-saint Suffrages Full-page miniature

Seventeenth-century Belgian binding in brown calf skin on wooden boards, with repaired and re-backed mitered corners; four straps at four sets of deep cuts provide the structure for sewing; upper and lower board marked with gilt oval stamp on inlay of calfskin (possibly concealing previous stamp?); inscription "IHS" surmounted by Crucifixion within both ovals; naturally rounded spine with gilt tooled crosses; endbands in pink and blue-green thread; fastened with cast silver clasp, chiseled in the shape of a love knot at the center fore-edge; hinged on lower board; hinge and clasp attached with nails to boards by shield-shaped plates

 Ca. 1460 CE Bruges Produced ca. 1460 in Bruges by a follower of Willem Vrelant, with illuminations influenced by Master of the Beady Eyes and the Masters of the Golden Scrolls; abundance of female saints in All Saints miniature suggests original ownership by woman with possible connection to Franciscan or Augustinian orders (see litany and calendar) Rebound in seventeenth century; heart motif suggests Augustinian affiliation Modern pencil marking "MR577" on front flyleaf i, r Henry Walters, Baltimore, purchased between 1895 and 1931 Walters Art Museum, 1931, by Henry Walters' bequest Relevant Works De Ricci, S., and W.J. Wilson. Census of Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts in the United States and Canada. Vol. 1. New York: H.W. Wilson Company, 1935, p. 797, cat. no. 260. Randall, Lilian M. C. Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts in the Walters Art Gallery. Vol. 3, Belgium, 1250-1530. Baltimore and London: Johns Hopkins University Press in association with the Walters Art Gallery, 1997; pp. 265-270, cat. no. 252. Bowles, E. A. "A Checklist of Musical Instruments in Fifteenth-Century Illuminated Manuscripts at the Walters Art Gallery," Quarterly Journal of the Music Library Association. Wisconsin: Music Library Association, 1976. Vol. 32/4, p. 719-726 Owens, M. B. "Musical Subjects in the Illumination of Books of Hours from Fifteenth-Century France and Flanders" (PhD diss., University of Chicago, 1987), p. 395, Fig. 11 (f. 278v) Bousmanne, B. "Prolégomènes à la constitution et à l'interprétation d'un corpus des manuscrits attribués au groupe Vrelant: Un aspect de l'enluminure dans le Pays-Bas méridionaux au XVe siècle," (PhD diss., Université Catholique de Louvain, 1994), p. 24, 214-216 Art Medicine Museum Poetry Script Muhammad, the Prophet Kashmiri Horses Walters Art Museum Document Astrology Devotion History Legal Literature -- Poetry Literature -- Prose Liturgy Philosophy Science Science -- Medicine Scripture Sufism Theology Mineralogy Logic Geography Geomancy Cosmology Cartography Fortune-telling Koran Qur`an Firman Palimpsest Prayer Bible Gospels Psalter Missal Lectionary Book of Hours Antiphonary Homilary Processional Horologion Breviary Hymnal Chronicle Maghreb Sub-Saharan (West) Africa Turkey Afghanistan Central Asia Egypt England India Iran Iraq Pakistan Germany France Austria Netherlands Ethiopia Armenia Flanders Greece Mamluk Mughal Ottoman Ottonian Armenian Byzantine Abbasid Qajar Rajput Christian Arabic Austrian Dutch Egyptian Fatimid German Indian Islamic Persian Safavid Timurid Turkish Umayyad English French Flemish Ethiopian Carolingian Calligraphy Colophon Headpiece Illumination Illustration Medallion Miniature Ornament Painting Early Abbasid script Ragini Romanesque Gothic Watermark Grotesques Historiated initial Inhabited initial White-vine lettering Textura Batarda Humanistic Uncial Accordion book Album Book Codex Manuscript Heraldry Saint's Life Drawing Grisaille Binding New Abbasid style Musical notation Russia Romania Charter Russian Genealogy Mass book Prayer book Gospel Lectionary Psalter-Hours Treatise Grammar Gloss Pontifical Private devotional text Gradual Protective scroll Scroll 10th century 11th century 12th century 13th century 14th century 15th century 16th century 17th century 18th century 19th century 20th century 8th century 9th century Block book Caroline minuscule Central Arab lands (Near East) Chart English secretary hand Kufic Gothic book hand Original binding Treasure binding Gospel Book Spanish Spain Italian Italy Coptic Scrapbook American United States Maryland Historical Society Friendship book Friendship Biography Judaism Talmud Liturgical Devotional Scriptural Theological Legal Historical Scientific Scientific -- Medical Literary -- Prose Literary -- Poetry Philosophical Astrological Sufi English Book of Hours Christian Flemish Book Illumination Manuscript Miniature Walters Art Museum Flanders 15th century Devotion Codex