Walters Ms. W.188, Book of Hours in Dutch Computistical tables for the years [cccc]xxxv-[ccccc]xvi (1435-1516) Calendar Hours of the Virgin Short Hours of the Holy Spirit Short Hours of the Holy Cross Seven Penitential Psalms and litany Office of the Dead and the Minor Office Book of Hours Grote, Geert, 1340-1384 Translator artist Masters of Zweder van Culemborg Principal cataloger Marrow, James Cataloger Devine, Alex Cataloger Walters Art Museum curatorial staff and researchers since 1934 Editor Herbert, Lynley Editor Noel, William Copy editor Bockrath, Diane Contributor Bockrath, Diane Contributor Dutschke, Consuelo Contributor Emery, Doug Contributor Noel, William Contributor Tabritha, Ariel Contributor Toth, Michael B. Conservator Owen, Linda Conservator Quandt, Abigail The Walters Art Museum

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 This illuminated Book of Hours was produced in the second quarter of the fifteenth century. It is written in the Netherlandish translation of Geert Grote. Although lacking in full-page miniatures, the manuscript contains eighteen historiated initials by the Masters of Zweder van Culemborg with ornamental initials and decoration throughout. Baltimore The Walters Art Museum W.188 The primary language in this manuscript is Dutch; Flemish. 1r - 256v Book of Hours 1r - 3r Computistical tables for the years [cccc]xxxv-[ccccc]xvi (1435-1516) Easter tables 4r - 15v Calendar Calendar for Use of Utrecht; full, graded red and black; entries include Victoer martelaer (October 10) 16r - 88r Hours of the Virgin Here du salte opdoen mine lippen 89r - 121v Short Hours of the Holy Spirit O Here du salte opdoen myn lippen 121v - 140v Short Hours of the Holy Cross Hier beghint dat corte cruus ghetide O Here du salte opdoen mine lippen 141r - 174v Seven Penitential Psalms and litany Here in dynre verboghenheit en straffe 175r - 256v Office of the Dead and the Minor Office Hier beghint die vighelie in duutsche Mi hebben ombevanghen die suchten des doets Minor Office begins on fol. 248v

Thin to medium cream parchment with a fine nap surface

 Foliation: i+256+i14.4 10.2 8.4 5.3 Modern pencil foliation in lower right corners (followed here); pencil foliation in upper right corners, partially erased

i, 1(4,-1), 2-3(6), 4-11(8), 12(10,-1), 13-18(8), 19(4), 20-33(8), 34(4), i None None Quires begin on fols. 1(1), 4(2), 10(3), 16(4), 24(5), 32(6), 40(7), 48(8), 56(9), 64(10), 72(11), 80(12), 89(13), 97(14), 105(15), 113(16), 121(17), 129(18), 137(19), 141(20), 149(21), 157(22), 165(23), 173(24), 181(25), 189(26), 197(27), 205(28), 213(29), 221(30), 229(31), 237(32), 245(33), 253(34)

 Written in Gothic bookhand (textura quadrata) Historiated initials on fols. 16r, 31v, 47v, 53r, 59r, 65r, 71r, and 81v following the Passion cycle sequence for the Hours of the Virgin Historiated initials on fols. 89r, 96r, 100r, 104r, 108r, 112r, and 117v Historiated initial on fol. 122r Historiated initials on fols. 141r and 175r Historiated initial on fol. 175r Eighteen historiated initials by the Masters of Zweder van Culemborg; no full-page miniatures, although what appear to be the impression of a former stub after fol. 96 (end of gathering 8) and slice marks in the gutter after fol. 174 suggesting inserted full-page miniatures, now removed, before fols. 89 and 175, with others possibly originally facing fols. 16r, 122r, and 141r; ornamental initials throughout (1 to 8 lines high); capitals stroked in red; folios with historiated initials have baguettes along the outer side of the text column and borders as well as inner margins with floral decoration Arrest of Christ Hours of the Virgin: Matins Historiated initial "H," 7 lines Christ crowned with thorns Hours of the Virgin: Lauds Historiated initial "G," 6 lines Christ before Pilate Hours of the Virgin: Prime Historiated initial "G," 6 lines Flagellation Hours of the Virgin: Terce Historiated initial "G," 6 lines Christ carrying the cross Hours of the Virgin: Sext Historiated initial "G," 7 lines Crucifixion Hours of the Virgin: None Historiated initial "G," 6 lines Deposition Hours of the Virgin: Vespers Historiated initial "G," 6 lines Entombment Hours of the Virgin: Compline Historiated initial "B," 6 lines Trinity Hours of the Holy Spirit: Matins Historiated initial "O," 7 lines Visitation Hours of the Holy Spirit: Prime Historiated initial "G," 6 lines Nativity Hours of the Holy Spirit: Terce Historiated initial "G," 6 lines Annunciation to the shepherds Hours of the Holy Spirit: Sext Historiated initial "G," 6 lines Adoration of the Magi Hours of the Holy Spirit: None Historiated initial "G," 6 lines Flight into Egypt Hours of the Holy Spirit: Vespers Historiated initial "G," 6 lines Presentation in the temple Hours of the Holy Spirit: Compline Historiated initial "B," 6 lines Harrowing of hell Short Hours of the Holy Cross Historiated initial "O," 8 lines St. Michael with scales Seven Penitential Psalms Historiated initial "H," 7 lines Two souls kneel in prayer in purgatory Office of the Dead Historiated initial "M," 7 lines

Bound by Gruel and Engelmann, late nineteenth / early twentieth century; red-brown velvet over millboard, sewn on five recessed cords; all edges gilt

 Second quarter of the 15th century CE Utrecht Made for anonymous patrons in the second quarter of the fifteenth century Melchior Parsoens (ink signature, outer margin, fol. 4r) Gruel and Engelmann, collection no. 94, Paris (bookplate, front pastedown) Henry Walters, Baltimore, purchased from Gruel and Engelmann, Paris, June 9, 1903 Walters Art Museum, 1931, by Henry Walters bequest Relevant Works De Ricci, Seymour. Census of Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts in the United States and Canada. Vol. 1. New York: H. W. Wilson Company, 1935, p. 791, no. 216. Byvanck, A. W. "Kroniek der Noord-Nederlandsche Miniaturen. 3." Oudheidkundig Jaarboek, 4th series, 9 (1940): 36, fig. 17 (fol. 122). Sterling, Charles [Charles Jacques, pseud.]. La peinture française: les peintres du moyen âge. Paris: P. Tisné, 1941, p. 78, no. 10. Byvanck, A. W. De middeleeuwsche boekillustratie in de Noordelijke Nederlanden. Antwerp: De Sikkel, 1943, pp. 27-28, figs. 19-22. Walters Art Gallery. Illuminated Books of the Middle Ages and Renaissance: An Exhibition Held at the Baltimore Museum of Art. Baltimore: Trustees of the Walters Art Gallery, 1949, no. 122. Boström, K. "Un livre d'heures d'Utrecht au Musée National à Stockholm." Nordisk Tidskrift för Bok- och Biblioteksväsen 38 (1951): p. 162, no. 1. Panofsky, Erwin. Early Netherlandish Painting, Its Origins and Character. Vol. 1. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1953, p. 102, note 4. Miner, Dorothy. Dutch Illuminated Manuscripts in the Walters Art Gallery. Connoisseur Yearbook (1955): 66-77, fig. 11. Diringer, David. The Illuminated Book: Its History and Production. 2nd ed. New York: Praeger, 1967, p. 448, pl. 7-31b. Gorissen, Friedrich. Das Stundenbuch der Katharina von Kleve. Berlin: G. Mann, 1973. Boot, C. "Medieval Netherlandic Manuscripts in Libraries in the State of Maryland." Archief- en bibliotheekwezen in België 56 (1985): 257-294. Wieck, Roger S. Time Sanctified: The Book of Hours in Medieval Art and Life. New York: George Braziller, 1988, pp. 68-69, 220, fig. 50 (fol. 71r). Art Medicine Museum Poetry Script Muhammad, the Prophet Kashmiri Horses Walters Art Museum Document Astrology Devotion History Legal Literature -- Poetry Literature -- Prose Liturgy Philosophy Science Science -- Medicine Scripture Sufism Theology Mineralogy Logic Geography Geomancy Cosmology Cartography Fortune-telling Koran Qur`an Firman Palimpsest Prayer Bible Gospels Psalter Missal Lectionary Book of Hours Antiphonary Homilary Processional Horologion Breviary Hymnal Chronicle Maghreb Sub-Saharan (West) Africa Turkey Afghanistan Central Asia Egypt England India Iran Iraq Pakistan Germany France Austria Netherlands Ethiopia Armenia Flanders Greece Mamluk Mughal Ottoman Ottonian Armenian Byzantine Abbasid Qajar Rajput Christian Arabic Austrian Dutch Egyptian Fatimid German Indian Islamic Persian Safavid Timurid Turkish Umayyad English French Flemish Ethiopian Carolingian Calligraphy Colophon Headpiece Illumination Illustration Medallion Miniature Ornament Painting Early Abbasid script Ragini Romanesque Gothic Watermark Grotesques Historiated initial Inhabited initial White-vine lettering Textura Batarda Humanistic Uncial Accordion book Album Book Codex Manuscript Heraldry Saint's Life Drawing Grisaille Binding New Abbasid style Musical notation Russia Romania Charter Russian Genealogy Mass book Prayer book Gospel Lectionary Psalter-Hours Treatise Grammar Gloss Pontifical Private devotional text Gradual Protective scroll Scroll 10th century 11th century 12th century 13th century 14th century 15th century 16th century 17th century 18th century 19th century 20th century 8th century 9th century Block book Caroline minuscule Central Arab lands (Near East) Chart English secretary hand Kufic Gothic book hand Original binding Treasure binding Gospel Book Spanish Spain Italian Italy Liturgical Devotional Scriptural Theological Legal Historical Scientific Scientific -- Medical Literary -- Prose Literary -- Poetry Philosophical Astrological Sufi English Book Christian Codex Illumination Manuscript Walters Art Museum Dutch Devotion Book of Hours Netherlands Historiated initial Textura 15th century