Walters Ms. W.196, Book of Hours Calendar Hours of the Cross Hours of the Holy Spirit Mass of the Virgin Gospel Sequences Two Prayers to the Virgin Hours of the Virgin Three Offices of the Virgin Prayer Lamenting Sorrow of the Virgin by the Cross Seven Penitential Psalms Litany, petitions, collects Office of the Dead Book of Hours Principal cataloger Randall, Lilian M.C. Cataloger Shartrand, Emily Editor Herbert, Lynley Copy editor Dibble, Charles Contributor Brown, Emily Contributor Emery, Doug Contributor Noel, William Contributor Schuele, Allyson Contributor Tabritha, Ariel Contributor Toth, Michael B. Contributor Wiegand, Kimber Conservator Owen, Linda Conservator Quandt, Abigail The Walters Art Museum

Licensed for use under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported Access Rights, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/legalcode. It is requested that copies of any published articles based on the information in this data set be sent to the curator of manuscripts, The Walters Art Museum, 600 North Charles Street, Baltimore MD 21201.

 This Book of Hours illuminated ca. 1470 contains stunning examples of full-page miniatures in the style of Willem Vrelant, most likely originating in Bruges. Given that several prayer cycles contain indications of a female suppliant, as well as a majority female saints in the litany, the book was either owned or co-owned by a woman. The artist or artists have chosen to alternate between color and near-grisaille miniatures throughout the text and the calendar, making for a strikingly varied program of images. Baltimore The Walters Art Museum W.196 The primary language in this manuscript is Latin. 1r - 187v Book of Hours 1v - 13v Calendar Januarius habet dies xxxi. luna vero xxx One third to half filled, graded in rose and dark brown ink; composite contents including Bruges, French, and Mosan as well as an interest in both Augustinian-hermit and Franciscan saints; of note are Adrian (Mar. 4), Sixtus I (Apr. 9), Anicetus (Apr. 17), Quirinus (Apr. 30), Bernardinus (May 20), Francis (May 25), Eleutherius (May 26), Pope John I (May 27), Marcellinus (June 1), Paulinus (June 22), Visitation (July 2), Margaret (July 20), Virgin of the Snow and Dominic (Aug. 5), Clare (Aug. 12), Bernard (Aug. 20), Louis of France (Aug. 25), Pope Linus (Sept. 23), Remigius (Oct. 1), Francis (Oct. 4), Chrysanthus and Daria (Oct. 25), All Saints (Nov. 1), Commemoration of souls (Nov. 2), Leonard (Nov. 6), Cunibert (Nov. 12), Peter of Alexandria (Nov. 26) 14r - 26v Hours of the Cross Incipit officium sancte crucis. ad matutinas Domine labia mea 27v - 39v Hours of the Holy Spirit Incipiunt hore de sancto spiriti Domine labia mea 40r - 43v Mass of the Virgin Incipit missa beata virgine maria Et introibo ad altare dei 44v - 51v Gospel Sequences Inicium sancti euuangelii secundum iohannem. Gloria tibi domine In principio erat verbum Fols. 44v-45v: John 1.1-14; fols. 46v-47v: Luke 1.26-38; fols. 48v-49v: Matthew 2.1-12; fols. 50v-51v: Mark 16.14-20 52r - 55v Two Prayers to the Virgin Oratio devota ad virginem mariam Obsecro te Fols. 52r-54r: Obsecro te; fols. 54r-55v: O intemerata 56r - 92v Hours of the Virgin Incipit officium beate marie virginis secundum usum romanum. ad matutinas Domine labia mea Use of Rome; incomplete, with some text for Lauds missing after fol. 73, and Prime and Terce missing after fol. 74 93v - 137v Three Offices of the Virgin Incipit officium gloriosissime marie virginis quod dicitur per totum adventum Deus in adiutorium meum Fols. 94r-129r: Advent Hours of the Virgin; fols. 129r-134r: Advent Mass of the Virgin; fols. 134r-137v: Hours of the Conception of the Virgin 138v - 142v Prayer Lamenting Sorrow of the Virgin by the Cross Stabat mater dolorosa 144r - 151r Seven Penitential Psalms Incipiunt septem psalmi penitenciales. Antiphona Domine ne in furore tuo 151r - 157v Litany, petitions, collects Kyrieleison" Fols. 151r-157r: for use of Rome with a Franciscan interest, primarily female saints; of note: sixteen apostles/evangelists/ disciples Peter to Mark; eight martyrs and bishops/confessors/doctors including Nicholas, Louis; five monks/hermits/priests/levites including Francis, Benedict, Anthony, Bernardinus, Eleazar; twelve virgins/widows including Mary Magdalene, Anne, Agnes, Clare, and Monica; fols. 153r-155v: petitions and invocations; fols. ten collects, notably the fifth one is for the king 158v - 185r Office of the Dead Incipiunt vigilie mortuorum. antiphona Placebo domino. Dilexi qui exaudiet Use of Rome

Medium weight, well selected and prepared

 Foliation: ii+18719.6 12.7 9.2 5.9 Modern pencil foliation upper right corners, rectos

Formula difficult to determine due to numerous added folios, some of which were added and then subsequently removed Vertical in the lower right spine edge, difficult to see

Layout does not apply to calendar, which has 4 columns Written in rounded textura Labors of the months and zodiac appear in roundels within the lower floral borders Six full-page miniatures alternating between colored and near grisailles, fols. 14v, 16v, 18v, 20v, 23v, and 25v Six full-page miniatures alternating between colored and near grisailles, fols. 27v, 30v, 32v, 34v, 36v, and 38v Decorated initial on fol. 40r Four full-page miniatures alternating between colored and near grisailles, fols. 44v, 46v, 48v, and 50v Four full-page miniatures alternating between colored and near grisailles, fols. 68v, 78v, 82v, and 88v One full-page miniature on fol. 93v; Nine historiated initials on fols. 98v, 101r, 113r, 119v, 122r, 124v, 126v, 129r, and 134r Full-page miniature on fol. 138v Full-page miniature on fol. 143v Full-page miniature on fol. 158v Twenty-four extant full-page miniatures inalternating color and semi-grisaille; nine historiated initials (7-8 lines); twenty-four calendar illustrations, including images for zodiac and labors of the month; large decorated initials opposite miniatures or where miniatures originally were (4-7 lines); smaller decorated initials at secondary text divisions (2-3 lines); decorated KL in calendar (5 lines); small gold and blue initials flourished in black and red for versals (1 line); foliate borders on pages with major illuminated images or initials; line fillers throughout in gold and blue geometric designs; rubrics in rose; text in dark brown ink Labors of the Months: Man by Fire Calendar: January Border Illumination Zodiac: Aquarius Calendar: January Border Illumination Labors of the Months: Man Pruning Calendar: February Border Illumination Zodiac: Pisces Calendar: February Border Illumination Labors of the Months: Man Spading Calendar: March Border Illumination Zodiac: Aries Calendar: March Border Illumination Labors of the Months: Man Carrying Branch Calendar: April Border Illumination Zodiac: Taurus Calendar: April Border Illumination Labors of the Months: Falconing Calendar: May Border Illumination Zodiac: Gemini Calendar: May Border Illumination Labors of the Months: Man Scything Calendar: June Border Illumination Zodiac: Cancer Calendar: June Border Illumination Labors of the Months: Man Reaping Calendar: July Border Illumination Zodiac: Leo Calendar: July Border Illumination Labors of the Months: Man Threshing Calendar: August Border Illumination Zodiac: Virgo Calendar: August Border Illumination Labors of the Months: Man Trampling Grapes Calendar: September Border Illumination Zodiac: Libra Calendar: September Border Illumination Labors of the Months: Man Knocking Acorns Calendar: October Border Illumination Zodiac: Scorpio Calendar: October Border Illumination Labors of the Months: Man Sowing Calendar: November Border Illumination Zodiac: Sagittarius Calendar: November Border Illumination Labors of the Months: Man Killing Ox Calendar: December Border Illumination Zodiac: Capricorn Calendar: December Border Illumination Betrayal Hours of the Cross: Matins Full-page miniature Christ Before Pilate Hours of the Cross: Prime Full-page miniature Flagellation Hours of the Cross: Terce Full-page miniature Christ carrying the Cross Hours of the Cross: Sext Full-page miniature Deposition Hours of the Cross: Vespers Full-page miniature Entombment Hours of the Cross: Compline Full-page miniature David in Prayer Hours of the Holy Spirit: Matins Full-page miniature Holy Spirit Hours of the Holy Spirit: Terce Full-page miniature Baptism of Christ Hours of the Holy Spirit: Sext Full-page miniature SS Peter and John bestow the Holy Spirit on people of Samaria Hours of the Holy Spirit: None Full-page miniature Resurrected Christ with Apostles Hours of the Holy Spirit: Vespers Full-page miniature Pentecost Hours of the Holy Spirit: Compline Full-page miniature St. John Evangelist Gospel Sequences: John Full-page miniature St. Luke Gospel Sequences: Luke Full-page miniature St. Matthew Gospel Sequences: Matthew Full-page miniature St. Mark Gospel Sequences: Mark Full-page miniature Visitation Hours of the Virgin: Lauds Full-page miniature Presentation in the Temple Hours of the Virgin: None Full-page miniature Massacre of the Innocents Hours of the Virgin: Vespers Full-page miniature Flight into Egypt Hours of the Virgin: Compline Full-page miniature Joachim Cast Out of the Temple Advent Office of the Virgin Full-page miniature Annunciation to Joachim Advent Office of the Virgin: Compline Historiated Initial "C," 7 lines Meeting at the Golden Gate Advent Office of the Virgin: Matins Historiated Initial "D," 8 lines Nativity of the Virgin Advent Office of the Virgin: Lauds Historiated Initial "D," 8 lines Presentation of the Virgin Advent Office of the Virgin: Prime Historiated Initial "D," 8 lines Marriage of the Virgin Advent Office of the Virgin: Terce Historiated Initial "D," 8 lines Death of the Virgin Advent Office of the Virgin: Sext Historiated Initial "D," 8 lines Coronation of the Virgin Advent Office of the Virgin: None Historiated initial "D," 8 lines Emperor Augustus and the Tiburtine Sibyl Advent Mass of the Virgin Historiated initial "R," 7 lines Virgin of the Apocalypse Hours of the Conception of the Virgin Historiated initial "R," 7 lines Pieta Prayer: Stabat mater Full-page miniature David Praying Seven penitential psalms Full-page miniature Raising of Lazarus Office of the Dead Full-page miniature

Produced in Belgium by Johannes de Lende who was active between 1459 and 1493 CE; brown leather with oak boards, design divided into four panels with inscription running around the outside of each, they read "ob laudem xristi librum hunc recte ligaui Iohannes de lende"; similar design on lower board except the inscription there reads "ora pro nobis sancta dei genitrix ut digni efficiamur promis sione xristi"

 Ca. 1470 CE Bruges Completed in Bruges, likely for a woman, ca. 1470 Likely owned by Queen Eleanor of Portugal (1458-1525), based on Portuguese ownership inscription on front pastedown: "Este libro foi da rainha/dona lianor nao se po/ de dar de fora so pe/na de escommunhao" Ownership by a cleric from Santiago suggested by an inscription added on front pastedown by 1600: "Fr. Luis de S[an]tiago" Léon Gruel, Paris, late nineteenth or early twentieth century; modern pencil inscriptions on front pastedown read "Add. Ms. 12" and "N 815"; same numbers occur on Gruel's handwritten sales slip Henry Walters, Baltimore, purchased from Gruel between 1895 and 1931 Walters Art Museum, 1931, by Henry Walters' bequest Relevant Works De Ricci, Seymour, and W. J. Wilson. Census of Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts in the United States and Canada. Vol. 1. New York: H. W. Wilson Company, 1935; p. 800, cat. no. 274. Bowles, Edmund A. "A Checklist of Musical Instruments in Fifteenth Century Illuminated Manuscripts at the Walters Art Gallery." Music Library Association 32 (1976): 719-726; pp. 722-725. Owens, M.B. "Musical Subjects in the Illumination of Books of Hours from Fifteenth-Century France and Flanders." Ph.D. diss, University of Chicago, 1987; p. 401 (fig. 13). Wieck, Roger Seymour. Time Sanctified: The Book of Hours in Medieval Art and Life. Exhibition Catalogue. Baltimore, Walters Art Gallery. NY: George Braiziller, 1988; pp. 30, 50, 92, 182, 213; cat. no. 94, fig. 58. Maggs Brothers. European Bulletin no. 20. London, 1995; ref. under no. 15. Randall, Lilian M. C. Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts in the Walters Art Gallery. Vol. 3, Belgium, 1250-1530. Baltimore and London: Johns Hopkins University Press in association with the Walters Art Gallery, 1997; pp. 318-326, cat. no. 264. Sotheby's. Western Manuscripts. London, July 5, 2005; ref. under lot 98 ("The Derval Hours, In Latin and French, Illuminated Manuscript on Vellum"). Art Medicine Museum Poetry Script Muhammad, the Prophet Kashmiri Horses Walters Art Museum Document Astrology Devotion History Legal Literature -- Poetry Literature -- Prose Liturgy Philosophy Science Science -- Medicine Scripture Sufism Theology Mineralogy Logic Geography Geomancy Cosmology Cartography Fortune-telling Koran Qur`an Firman Palimpsest Prayer Bible Gospels Psalter Missal Lectionary Book of Hours Antiphonary Homilary Processional Horologion Breviary Hymnal Chronicle Maghreb Sub-Saharan (West) Africa Turkey Afghanistan Central Asia Egypt England India Iran Iraq Pakistan Germany France Austria Netherlands Ethiopia Armenia Flanders Greece Mamluk Mughal Ottoman Ottonian Armenian Byzantine Abbasid Qajar Rajput Christian Arabic Austrian Dutch Egyptian Fatimid German Indian Islamic Persian Safavid Timurid Turkish Umayyad English French Flemish Ethiopian Carolingian Calligraphy Colophon Headpiece Illumination Illustration Medallion Miniature Ornament Painting Early Abbasid script Ragini Romanesque Gothic Watermark Grotesques Historiated initial Inhabited initial White-vine lettering Textura Batarda Humanistic Uncial Accordion book Album Book Codex Manuscript Heraldry Saint's Life Drawing Grisaille Binding New Abbasid style Musical notation Russia Romania Charter Russian Genealogy Mass book Prayer book Gospel Lectionary Psalter-Hours Treatise Grammar Gloss Pontifical Private devotional text Gradual Protective scroll Scroll 10th century 11th century 12th century 13th century 14th century 15th century 16th century 17th century 18th century 19th century 20th century 8th century 9th century Block book Caroline minuscule Central Arab lands (Near East) Chart English secretary hand Kufic Gothic book hand Original binding Treasure binding Gospel Book Spanish Spain Italian Italy Coptic Scrapbook American United States Maryland Historical Society Friendship book Friendship Biography Judaism Talmud Liturgical Devotional Scriptural Theological Legal Historical Scientific Scientific -- Medical Literary -- Prose Literary -- Poetry Philosophical Astrological Sufi English Book of Hours Christian Flemish Book Codex Historiated initial Illumination Manuscript Miniature Walters Art Museum Flanders 15th century Devotion Prayer Prayer book Private devotional text Binding Original binding