Walters Ms. W.208, Book of Hours Calendar Hours of the Cross Hours of the Holy Spirit Mass of the Virgin with Gospel Sequences Hours of the Virgin Advent Office of the Virgin Seven Penitential Psalms Litany, petitions, and collects Book of Hours artist (Orbit of) Lieven, van Lathem, active 1454-1493 Principal cataloger Randall, Lilian M.C. Cataloger Herbert, Lynley Editor Herbert, Lynley Copy editor Dibble, Charles Contributor Brown, Emily Contributor Emery, Doug Contributor Noel, William Contributor Schuele, Allyson Contributor Tabritha, Ariel Contributor Toth, Michael B. Contributor Wiegand, Kimber Conservator Owen, Linda Conservator Quandt, Abigail The Walters Art Museum

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 This Book of Hours was likely created in or near Antwerp ca. 1470, as its artist was influenced by the Antwerp-based illuminator Lieven van Lathem (active there 1462-1493). The book appears to have been connected with the diocese of Tournai soon after its creation, for an early hand added a large number of saints from that region to the calendar in French. Its twelve surviving full-page miniatures are of fine quality, and closely recall the approach to composition and figural style of the Prayer Book of Charles the Bold from ca. 1469, now at the Getty (MS. 37). Baltimore The Walters Art Museum W.208 The primary language in this manuscript is Latin. The secondary language of this manuscript is French, Middle (ca.1400-1600). 1r - 152v Book of Hours Incomplete; lacking Office of the Dead, likely originally at end of manuscript 1r - 12v Calendar Januarius habet dies xxxi. luna xxx. Calendar a quarter to half full; graded in rose and brown, with some erasures and additions; saints are North French and Southern Netherlandish, with original saints in Latin, and additional saints added early in French in two different hands suggest an association with the Tournai diocese; saints original to the calendar include William (bishop of Bourges, Jan. 8), Amandus (Feb. 6), Euphemia (Mar. 9), Callistus (Apr. 4), Marcellinus (Apr. 20), Ciriacus (Apr. 30), Gervasius (May 13), Peter hermit (May 18, rare), Francis (translation, May 25), Nicomedes (dedication of basilica in Rome, June 2, normally June 1), Basil (June 14), Visitation (July 2), Cletus (July 12), Damasus (Aug. 7), Adrian (Sept. 9), Remigius and Bavo (Oct. 1), Francis (Oct. 4), Dionysius (Oct. 9), Anastasius (Oct. 11), Leonard (Nov. 5), Clement (Nov. 14); saints added early on in French include Anthony (Jan. 17), Nicholas (translation, May 9), Barbara (translation, July 8), Anne (July 26), Virgin of the Snow (Aug. 5), Maurice (Sept. 22), Piatus (Oct. 1), Ghislain (Oct. 9), Germanus (Oct. 11), Maxellendis (Oct. 12, normally Nov. 13), Donatian (Oct. 14), Hubert (Nov. 3), Presentation of the Virgin (Nov. 21) 13r - 20v Hours of the Cross Incipiunt hore sancte crucis Domine labia mea 21r - 27r Hours of the Holy Spirit Incipiunt hore de sancto spiritu Domine labia mea 27v - 40r Mass of the Virgin with Gospel Sequences Incipit missa beate marie virginis. Et introibo ad altare dei Fols. 27v-34r: Mass of the Virgin; fols. 34r-40r: Gospel sequences: John 1.1-14, Luke 1.26-38, Matthew 2.1-12, Mark 16.14-20 40v - 117r Hours of the Virgin Hore beate marie virginis. Domine labia mea Use of Rome 117v - 127v Advent Office of the Virgin Deus in adjutorium meum intende 128r - 142r Seven Penitential Psalms Incipiunt septem psalmi Domine ne infurore tuo 142r - 152v Litany, petitions, and collects Letanie. Kyrieleison Fols. 142r-145v: Litany, including sixteen apostles/evangelists/disciples/innocents from Peter to Mark; seventeen martyrs including Cornelius and Lupus; sixteen doctors/confessors/monks/hermits including Anthony, Nicholas, Martin, Leonard, Bernard, Francis, Louis (of Toulouse?), Eligius, Aegydius, and Dominic; fifteen virgins and widows, including Mary Magdalene, Mary Egyptian, Anne, Clare, Juliana, Elizabeth, Ursula, and Martha; fols. 145v-149r: petitions, invocations, and Psalm 69; fols. 149r-150r: imprecations; fols. 150r-152v: nine collects

Thin to medium weight, well-prepared parchment; margins have been scraped clean at some point; flyleaves and adjoining pastedowns are modern parchment

 Foliation: i+152+i11.4 8.4 6.6 4.4 Some early pencil foliation lower right corners rectos (partially erased); modern pencil foliation upper right corners, rectos

Quires 1-2: 6 (fols. 1-12); Quire 3: 8 (fols. 13-20); Quire 4: 8, with third folio cancelled (fols. 21-27); Quire 5: 6 (fols. 28-33); Quire 6-7: 8 (fols. 34-49); Quire 8: 8, with first folio cancelled (fols. 50-56); Quire 9-12: 8 (fols. 57-88); Quire 13: 6 (fols. 89-94); Quire 14-15: 8 (fols. 95-110); Quire 16: 8, with a ninth folio hooked at end (fols. 111-119); Quire 17-19: 8 (fols. 120-143); Quire 20: 8, with a ninth folio hooked at end (fols. 144-152) None None

Ruled in mauve ink; layout does not apply to calendar: written space 4.3 x 6.8 cm, 3 columns, 17 lines Littera batarda Full-page miniature fol. 13r Full-page miniature fol. 21r Full-page miniature fol. 27v Full-page miniature fol. 40v Full-page miniature fol. 128r Twelve extant full-page miniatures, with one likely lost along with now missing text of Office of the Dead; dense foliate borders around miniatures; more delicate partial borders found only in outer side margins from fols. 36r-39v and fols. 128v-143v; large decorated initials in blue on gold grounds, often containing flowers, at major text openings (3-4 lines); smaller decorated initials in blue and rose on gold grounds, for secondary text divisions (2 lines); small initials in gold on blue and pink grounds with white patterning for versals (1 line) and for KL in calendar (2 lines); line fillers throughout in blue and rose with white designs and gold dots; rubrics in dark rose; text in brown ink Crucifixion Hours of the Cross Full-page miniature Pentecost Hours of the Holy Spirit Full-page miniature Virgin of humility, lactans Mass of the Virgin Full-page miniature Annunciation Hours of the Virgin: Matins Full-page miniature Visitation Hours of the Virgin: Lauds Full-page miniature Nativity and adoration of Christ Hours of the Virgin: Prime Full-page miniature Adoration of the Magi Hours of the Virgin: Terce Full-page miniature Presentation in the Temple Hours of the Virgin: Sext Full-page miniature Massacre of the Innocents Hours of the Virgin: None Full-page miniature Flight into Egypt and fall of an idol Hours of the Virgin: Vespers Full-page miniature Death, Assumption, and Enthronement of the Virgin Hours of the Virgin: Compline Full-page miniature King David kneeling in prayer Seven Penitential Psalms Full-page miniature

Bound in Belgium in the second half of the fifteenth century; dark brown leather over wooden boards, sewn on three cords; possibly rebacked in the eighteenth century; covers blind tooled with patterns of foliage, birds, and lions; red and green silk endbands; traces of gilding on page edges but mostly scraped off; traces of spots for fasteners on fore-edge of boards

 Ca. 1470 CE Antwerp(?) Created ca. 1470 by an artist influenced by the Antwerp-based illuminator Lieven van Lathem, making it likely this manuscript was also made in or near Antwerp "Thomas S." inscribed name in sixteenth century on fol. 1r Erased inscription in lower margin of fol. 1r may read "Bibliotheca Dunensis 1725" (?), possibly referring to a the Cistercian abbey Dunum near Bruges Léon Gruel, Paris, late nineteenth or early twentieth century Henry Walters, Baltimore, acquired from Gruel between 1895 and 1931 Walters Art Museum, 1931, by Henry Walters' bequest Relevant Works De Ricci, Seymour, and W. J. Wilson. Census of Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts in the United States and Canada. Vol. 1. New York: H. W. Wilson Company, 1935; p. 799, cat. no. 269. Miner, Dorothy. The Illuminated Books of the Middle Ages and Renaissance. Exhibition Catalogue for Baltimore, Baltimore Museum of Art. Baltimore: Trustees of the Walters Art Gallery, 1949; cat. no. 123. Flanders in the Fifteenth Century: Art and Civilization. Exhibition Catalogue, "Masterpieces of Flemish Art: van Eyck to Bosch," for Detroit and Bruges, Detroit Institute of Arts. Detroit and Bruges: Detroit Institute of Arts, 1960; cat. no. 204. Diringer, David. The Illuminated Book: Its History and Production. Revised edition. New York: Faber and Faber, 1967; p. 444. Bowles, Edmund A. "A Checklist of Musical Instruments in Fifteenth Century Illuminated Manuscripts at the Walters Art Gallery." Music Library Association 32 (1976): 719-726; p. 723. Owens, M.B. "Musical Subjects in the Illumination of Books of Hours from Fifteenth-Century France and Flanders." Ph.D. diss, University of Chicago, 1987; p. 405, fig. 17. Owens, Margaret B. “The Image of King David in Prayer in Fifteenth-Century Books of Hours.” Imago musicae 6 (1990): 23-38; pp. 23, 29 (fig. 4). Randall, Lilian M. C. Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts in the Walters Art Gallery. Vol. 3, Belgium, 1250-1530. Baltimore and London: Johns Hopkins University Press in association with the Walters Art Gallery, 1997; pp. 348-352, cat. no. 270. Art Medicine Museum Poetry Script Muhammad, the Prophet Kashmiri Horses Walters Art Museum Document Astrology Devotion History Legal Literature -- Poetry Literature -- Prose Liturgy Philosophy Science Science -- Medicine Scripture Sufism Theology Mineralogy Logic Geography Geomancy Cosmology Cartography Fortune-telling Koran Qur`an Firman Palimpsest Prayer Bible Gospels Psalter Missal Lectionary Book of Hours Antiphonary Homilary Processional Horologion Breviary Hymnal Chronicle Maghreb Sub-Saharan (West) Africa Turkey Afghanistan Central Asia Egypt England India Iran Iraq Pakistan Germany France Austria Netherlands Ethiopia Armenia Flanders Greece Mamluk Mughal Ottoman Ottonian Armenian Byzantine Abbasid Qajar Rajput Christian Arabic Austrian Dutch Egyptian Fatimid German Indian Islamic Persian Safavid Timurid Turkish Umayyad English French Flemish Ethiopian Carolingian Calligraphy Colophon Headpiece Illumination Illustration Medallion Miniature Ornament Painting Early Abbasid script Ragini Romanesque Gothic Watermark Grotesques Historiated initial Inhabited initial White-vine lettering Textura Batarda Humanistic Uncial Accordion book Album Book Codex Manuscript Heraldry Saint's Life Drawing Grisaille Binding New Abbasid style Musical notation Russia Romania Charter Russian Genealogy Mass book Prayer book Gospel Lectionary Psalter-Hours Treatise Grammar Gloss Pontifical Private devotional text Gradual Protective scroll Scroll 10th century 11th century 12th century 13th century 14th century 15th century 16th century 17th century 18th century 19th century 20th century 8th century 9th century Block book Caroline minuscule Central Arab lands (Near East) Chart English secretary hand Kufic Gothic book hand Original binding Treasure binding Gospel Book Spanish Spain Italian Italy Coptic Scrapbook American United States Maryland Historical Society Friendship book Friendship Biography Judaism Talmud Liturgical Devotional Scriptural Theological Legal Historical Scientific Scientific -- Medical Literary -- Prose Literary -- Poetry Philosophical Astrological Sufi English Book of Hours Flemish Book Codex Illumination Miniature Walters Art Museum Flanders 15th century Devotion Christian