Walters Ms. W.21, Collection of texts by Solinus, Orosius, Pseudo-Alexander, Justinus, and Walter of Châtillon Added medical recipes and notation on classical coinage Solinus, Collectanea rerum mirabilium sive Polyhistoria Orosius, Historia adversus paganos (excerpt) Pseudo-Alexander, Epistola regis Macedonum ad Dindimum regem Bragmanorum (excerpt) Pseudo-Alexander, Epistola Alexandri Regis Macedonum ad Aristotilem magistrum (excerpt) Pseudo-Alexander, Res Gestae Alexandri Macedonis (excerpt) Justinus, Epitome in libros Pompei Trogi (excerpt) Walter of Châtillon, Alexandreis (excerpt) Added medical recipes in Spanish Collection of texts Solinus, C. Julius, active 3rd century? Iulii Solini Orosius, Paulus Alexandri Pseudo-Alexander Pseudo-Callisthenes Works by Pseudo-Alexander also ascribed to Pseudo-Callisthenes Justinus, Marcus Junianus M. Iuniani Iustini Walter, of Châtillon, active 1170-1180 Galterus, de Castellione, active 1170-1180 Principal cataloger Randall, Lilian M.C. Cataloger Bucca, Lauren Editor Herbert, Lynley Copy editor Dibble, Charles Contributor Emery, Doug Contributor Noel, William Contributor Schuele, Allyson Contributor Tabritha, Ariel Contributor Toth, Michael B. Contributor Wiegand, Kimber Conservator Owen, Linda Conservator Quandt, Abigail The Walters Art Museum

Licensed for use under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported Access Rights, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/legalcode. It is requested that copies of any published articles based on the information in this data set be sent to the curator of manuscripts, The Walters Art Museum, 600 North Charles Street, Baltimore MD 21201.

 Written in northeastern France in the last quarter of the twelfth century, this manuscript contains works by Solinus, Orosius, Pseudo-Alexander, Justinus, and Walter of Châtillon. An excerpt of the "Alexandreis" by Walter of Châtillon (active 1170-1180) provides a close dating for the manuscript. The manuscript represents an interest in classical texts, particularly that of geography and the Alexander legend, during this period, and the continued interest in ensuing centuries. For example, it exhibits heavy use through the rubricated titles in the margins, text corrections, and annotations that date from the twelfth through the sixteenth century. It was possibly owned by Francesco Griffolini Francesco, a humanist who translated classical works in Naples in the fifteenth century, as indicated by his signature (fol. 1r). Baltimore The Walters Art Museum W.21 The primary language in this manuscript is Latin. The secondary languages of this manuscript are Spanish; Castilian, Greek, Ancient (to 1453). 1r - 60v Collection of texts A variety of works by Solinus, Orosius, Pseudo-Alexander, Justinus, and Walter of Châtillon 1r - 1v Added medical recipes and notation on classical coinage Contains Latin and Spanish medical recipes; information on classical Greek and Roman coinage 2r - 36v Solinus, Collectanea rerum mirabilium sive Polyhistoria Iulii Solini grammatici polyhistor ab ipso editus Quoniam quidem impatientius potius quam 36v - 39v Orosius, Historia adversus paganos (excerpt) Incipit Orosius de situ orbis Maiores nostri orbem totius terre This excerpt contains the geographical treatise from the first chapter of the "Historia" An addition contemporary to the manuscript is found on fol. 29v: lines 28-41 40r - 43v Pseudo-Alexander, Epistola regis Macedonum ad Dindimum regem Bragmanorum (excerpt) Epistola alexandri Regis macedonum ad dindimum Regem bragmanorum Sepius ad aures meas fando 43v - 49r Pseudo-Alexander, Epistola Alexandri Regis Macedonum ad Aristotilem magistrum (excerpt) Incipit epistola alexandri Regis macedonum Semper memor tui etiam Fols. 48v-49r: considerable annotations contemporary to the manuscript 49r - 57r Pseudo-Alexander, Res Gestae Alexandri Macedonis (excerpt) Incipiunt gesta alexandri regis macedonum Egypti sapientes sati divino Text encompasses variant readings and omissions; lacks portions of I.7, I.9 and completely without I.12 57r - 59v Justinus, Epitome in libros Pompei Trogi (excerpt) Incipiunt gesta alexandri magni. Excepta de trogo pompeio In exercitu philippi sicut uarie 59v - 59v Walter of Châtillon, Alexandreis (excerpt) Si lis inciderit te iudice dirige libra Addition of fourteen lines contemporary to the manuscript 60r - 60v Added medical recipes in Spanish Spanish medical recipes for various ailments

Medium to thick parchment; signs of frequent use

 Foliation: i+60+i21.5 14.0 17.1 9.6 Modern pencil foliation in upper-right corners rectos

Several catchwords throughout text (fol. 25v catchword decorated with fish drawing) Fols. 1 and 60 and added in the fifteenth or sixteenth century, both folios contain medicinal recipes

 Ruled in lead Addition by several hands, ca. fifteenth-sixteenth century A possible change of hand with the addition on the bottom half of fol. 39v Change in ink, possibly change in hand, on fol. 43v Change in ink, possibly change of hand, on fol. 49r Addition by one of the hands from fol. 1r-v, ca. fifteenth-sixteenth century Primitive textura, work of several scribes; notable change in ink and hand on fols. 43v and 49r Fol. 2r: decorated initial "Q"; fol. 12r: sketch of crowned Alexander with a scepter Initials at major and secondary text divisions; initials flourished and embellished by later additions of sketched human heads; sketch of Alexander with a crown and sceptre under the heading "De Alexandro magno" (fol. 12r); rubrics in red; text in varying shades of brown

Bound in Naples, Italy, second half of the fifteenth century; calfskin over beveled boards; medieval slit straps; central blind tooled panels with repeated striped banded knots encompassing a cross; gilt title on spine: "SOLINUS / MS. MEM. / SEC. XI."; evidence for two straps and clasps previously attached to the lower and upper fore-edge of the covers

 Last quarter of the 12th century CE Northeast France Created in northeastern France, ca. 1175; early ownership provenance erased on fols. 2r and 59v Possibly owned by Francesco Griffolini Francesco (also known as Francesco Aretini, or Francesco of Arezzo), a notable humanist and translator of classical texts, Naples, ca. 1440-1500; evidence for ownership from inscription on fol. 1r: "FRANCISCI. ARRETINI. ET. AMICORUM"; further evidence seen in the binding, which features tooled designs present in Naples ca. 1450 Inscription in ca. fifteenth-sixteenth century humanist script indicates possible change in ownership, fol. 2r: "NUNC VERO GEORGII & AMICORUM SUORUM" Probable Spanish ownership, ca. 1500; evidence from medical recipes in Spanish on fols. 1 and 60 and Spanish marginal notations throughout text (mostly erased) Possibly acquired by Abbot Luigi Celotti (1786-1846); evidence for ownership examined in A.N.L Munby, "Phillipps studies," 1951-60, vol. 3, pp. 50-51, 151 Owned by Rev. Henry Drury, ca. 1823, Harrow; provenance indicated by inscription on fol. ir: "H. Drury. 1823" Thomas Thorpe, London bookseller (1791-1851), London, purchased book on February 21, 1827 from Henry Drury, no. 4022 Sir Thomas Phillipps, ca. late nineteenth-early twentieth century, purchased book, added inscription: "Phillipps MS/3403" on fol. 1v Bernard Quaritch Ltd., London bookseller, purchased from Phillipps' sale, London, Sotheby's, June 15-18, 1908 (no. 678) Henry Walters, Baltimore, ca. 1908-1931, probably purchased book from Quaritch Walters Art Museum, 1931, by Henry Walters' bequest Relevant Works De Ricci, S. and W. J. Wilson. Census of Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts in the United States and Canada. Vol. 1. New York: H. W. Wilson Company, 1935, p. 839, cat. no. 476. Ross, D. J. A. "The Julius Valerius Epitome, the Epistola ad Aristotelem and the Collatio cum Dindimo." Scriptorium 10 (1956): 129. Faye, C. U. and W. H. Bond. Supplement to the Census of Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts in the United States and Canada. New York: Bibliographical Society of America, 1962, p. 197, cat. no. 476. Phillipps, Thomas. The Phillipps Manuscripts: Catalogus librorum manuscriptorum in bibliotheca D. Thomae Phillipps.... Edited by A. N. L. Munby. London: Holland Press, 1968, p. 40. Randall, Lilian M. C. Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts in the Walters Art Gallery. Vol. 1. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1989, pp. 23–25, cat. no. 10, fig. 19 (fol. 15). Kristeller, Paul Oskar. Iter Italicum. Vol. 5: (Alia itinera III and Italy III). London: Brill, 1990; p. 212. Mortensen, Lars Boje. "The Diffusion of Roman Histories in the Middle Ages. A List of Orosius, Eutropius, Paulus Diaconus, and Landolfus Sagax Manuscripts." Filologia Mediolatina: Rivista della Fondazione Ezio Franceschini 6 (1999-2000): 101-200; p. 158. Munk Olsen, Birger. L'étude des auteurs classiques latins aux XIe et XIIe siècles: Tome 4 - 1re partie, La réception de la littérature classique, travaux philologiques. Paris: Centre national de la recherche scientifique, 2009; p. 245. Dover, Paul. "Reading 'Pliny's Ape' in the Renaissance: the Polyphister of Caius Julius Solinus in the First Century of Print." In Encyclopaedism from Antiquity to the Renaissance, edited by Jason König and Greg Woolf, 414-443. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2013; pp. 442-443. 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