Walters Ms. W.246, Book of Hours Calendar Hours of the Holy Trinity Hours of the Cross Hours of the Holy Spirit Mass of the Virgin Mass of the Holy Sacrament Mass of the Ascension Hours of the Virgin Seven Penitential Psalms, litany, and collects Office of the Dead Devotional sequence Book of Hours Principal cataloger Randall, Lilian M.C. Cataloger Herbert, Lynley Editor Herbert, Lynley Copy editor Dibble, Charles Contributor Cooper, Madeline Contributor Emery, Doug Contributor Herbold, Rebekah Contributor Noel, William Contributor Schuele, Allyson Contributor Tabritha, Ariel Contributor Toth, Michael B. Contributor Wiegand, Kimber Conservator Owen, Linda Conservator Quandt, Abigail The Walters Art Museum

Licensed for use under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported Access Rights, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/legalcode. It is requested that copies of any published articles based on the information in this data set be sent to the curator of manuscripts, The Walters Art Museum, 600 North Charles Street, Baltimore MD 21201.

 This Book of Hours was made in Bruges in the middle of the fifteenth century. The place of origin is suggested by the saints in the Calendar, such as SS. Amandus and Vedast. The manuscript is highly illuminated, containing a full-page miniature at the beginning of each of the Hours. Style and compositions are comparable with Flemish manuscripts known as the "Golden Scrolls" group; some books of this group are preserved at the University of Chicago (Ms 344), and the Bibliothèque Royale of Brussels (Ms 9798). The manuscript is notable for its unusual iconography, such as the Annunciation with God the Father in the Hours of the Virgin, and a Last Judgment image in which Christ as Judge is flanked by John and the Virgin showing her breast. Baltimore The Walters Art Museum W.246 The primary language in this manuscript is Latin. 3r - 147v Book of Hours Use of Rome 3r - 8v Calendar Less than a half-filled on average; graded in red and brown with red-stroked capitals; contents include highly irregular dates and numerous Bruges feasts; feasts of note include: Amandus and Vedast (Feb. 6), David (Mar. 1, uncommon), Annunciation (Mar. 18, regularly Mar. 25), Benedict (Mar. 21), Peter martyr (Apr. 29), Sophia (May 15), Basil (Jun. 14), Eligius (Jun. 25, Translation), Benedict (Jul. 2, Commemoration), Praxedis (Jul. 20, regularly Jul. 21), Christina (Jul. 23, regularly Jul. 24), Dominic (Aug. 6, regularly Aug. 5), Aegydius (Sep. 1), Remigius and Bavo (Oct. 1), Francis (Oct. 4), Dionysius (Oct. 9), Donatian (Oct. 14), Gallus (Oct. 16), Crispinus and Crispinianus (Oct. 26, regularly Oct. 25), Leonard (Nov. 6), Eligius (Dec. 1), Nicasius (Dec. 14), Lazarus (Dec. 17) 9v - 12r Hours of the Holy Trinity Hore de Sancta Trinitate. Ad matutinas. Domine labia mea aperies 13v - 28v Hours of the Cross Fols. 14r-v: Prefatory prayers to the Hours of the Cross; fols. 16r-28v: Hours of the Cross (fols. 16r-v: Matins; fols. 18r-v: Prime; fols. 20r-v: Terce; fols. 22r-v: Sext; fols. 24r-v: None; fols. 26r-v: Vespers; fols. 28r-v: Compline) 27v - 32r Hours of the Holy Spirit Incipiunt hore de Sancto Spiritu ad matutinas. Domine labia mea aperies 33v - 40v Mass of the Virgin Officium misse beate Marie Virginis Introibo ad altare Dei 41v - 44r Mass of the Holy Sacrament Officium missa de. Sacramento. Cibavit eos ex adipe frumenti 45v - 48r Mass of the Ascension In festo ascensionis Domini ad missam Viri galilei qui ammiramini aspicientes 49v - 87v Hours of the Virgin Incipiunt hore beate Marie Virginis secundum consuetudinem romane ecclesie. Domine labia mea aperies Fols. 58r-65v: Lauds; fols. 67r-69v: Prime; fols. 71r-72v: Terce; fols. 74r-75v: Sext; fols. 77r-78v: None; fols. 80r-83v: Vespers; fols. 85r-87v: Compline 88v - 104v Seven Penitential Psalms, litany, and collects Incipit orationes septem psalmi. Suscipe Domine Sancte Pater Omnipotens Fols. 89r-100r: Seven Penitential Psalms; fols. 100r-104v: Litany, including Flemish saints, e.g. fifteen apostles/evangelists/disciples; twenty-three martyrs inclduing Cornelius, Eligius, Lupus, Amandus, Donatus, Blasius; eight doctors including Nicholas and Louis; six confessors, namely Bernard, Leonard, Francis, Eligius, Aegydius, Dominic; sixteen virgins including Mary Magdalene, Mary Egyptian, Clare, Anne, Amalberga, Julian, Elizabeth, Ursula, Martha; fols. 102v-104r: Petitions, invocations; fols. 104r-v: Three collects 105v - 127v Office of the Dead Incipiunt vigilie mortuorum. Antiphona Placebo Domino 128v - 147v Devotional sequence Incipiunt psalterium sancti Ieronimi doctoris. Verba mea auribus percipe Domine Fols. 129r-141r: Psalter of St. Jerome; fols: 141r-147v: Suffrages: fol. 141r: to the Trinity; fol. 141v: Michael; fol. 142r: John the Baptist; fol. 142r: Peter and Paul; fol. 142v: Andrew; fol. 142v: John the Evangelist; fol. 143v: James the Greater; fol. 144r: Lawrence; fol. 144r: Christopher; fol. 145r: Martin; fol. 145r: Nicholas; fol. 145v: Dominic; fol. 146r: Anne; fol. 146v: Mary Magdalene; fol. 147r: Catherine; fol. 147r: Margaret; fol. 147v: all saints)

Thin to medium-weight, well-prepared parchment; slightly thicker for illuminated folios

 Foliation: i+148+i18.0 13.5 9.0 5.7 Flyleaves are modern parchment conjoint with facing pastedown; first and last two folios are left blank; modern pencil foliation, upper right corners, rectos

Quire 1: 2 (fols. 1-2); Quire 2: 6, with seventh folio added (fols. 3-9); Quire 3: 4, with fourth folio added (fols. 10-14); Quire 4: 4, with first, third, and fifth folios added, original second folio (after fol. fol. 16) cancelled(?) (fols. 15-20); Quire 5: 2, with first and third folios added (fols. 21-24); Quire 6: 8, with first, third, fifth, and ninth folios added (fols. 25-36); Quire 7: 4, with fifth folio added (fols. 37-41); Quire 8: 6, with fourth and eighth folios added (fols. 42-49); Quire 9: 8, with seventh folio added (fols. 50-58); Quire 10: 8, with seventh folio added (fols. 59-67); Quire 11: 6, with third, sixth, and ninth folios added (fols. 68-76); Quire 12: 12, with 3 folios cancelled after fol. 84, first and sixth folios added (fols. 77-87); Quire 13: 8, with first folio added (fols. 88-96); Quire 14: 8 (fols. 97-104); Quire 15: 8, with first folio added (fols. 105-113); Quire 16: 8 (fols. 114-121); Quire 17: 6 (fols. 122-127); Quire 18: 8, with first folio added (fols. 128-136); Quire 19: 4 (fols. 137-140); Quire 20: 8 (fols. 141-148) Fragments of catchwords on fols. 24v and 67v; modern pencil arabic numbers from quire 1 to 20 on lower corners, rectos

Layout does not apply to calendar; written surface: 6.3 cm wide by 11.0 cm high; 4 columns of 33 lines Textura Full-page illumination at the opening of the Hours and facing foliate borders Five full-page illuminations with facing foliate borders at the beginning of the prayer and each hour Two full-page illuminations with facing foliate borders Full-page illumination with facing foliate borders Full-page illumination with facing foliate borders Full-page illumination with facing foliate borders Eight full-page illuminations with facing foliate borders Full-page illumination with facing foliate borders Full-page illumination with facing foliate borders Full-page illumination with facing foliate borders Twenty-four inserted full-page miniatures; decorated initials at text openings opposite full-page miniatures (5 lines) and at secondary text openings (2 lines); gold and blue versals altenrately throughout the text; floral borders around full-page miniatures and text openings on opposite folios; marginalia limited to a few types of birds including peacock and rooster generally centered below miniature and at fore-edge on facing rectos; line fillers in litany; rubrics in red; 'amen' or other word at end of a text occasionally underlined or crossed in red; text in dark brown and black ink Throne of Grace Hours of the Holy Trinity: Matins Full-page miniature Christ praying in the Garden of Gethsemane Hours of the Cross: Prayer Full-page miniature Betrayal and Arrest of Christ Hours of the Cross: Matins Full-page miniature Christ before Pilate Hours of the Cross: Prime Full-page miniature Flagellation Hours of the Cross: Flagellation Full-page miniature Christ carrying the Cross Hours of the Cross: Sext Full-page miniature Crucifixion Hours of the Cross: None Full-page miniature Deposition Hours of the Cross: Vespers Full-page miniature Entombment Hours of the Cross: Compline Full-page miniature Pentecost Hours of the Holy Spirit: Matins Full-page miniature Virgin and Child, two angels hold crown overhead Mass of the Virgin Full-page miniature Last Supper Mass of the Holy Sacrament Full-page miniature Ascension Mass of the Ascension Full-page miniature Annunciation Hours of the Virgin: Matins Full-page miniature Visitation Hours of the Virgin: Lauds Full-page miniature Holy Family Hours of the Virgin: Prime Full-page miniature Annunciation to Shepherds Hours of the Virgin: Terce Full-page miniature Adoration of the Magi Hours of the Virgin: Sext Full-page miniature Presentation in the Temple Hours of the Virgin: None Full-page miniature Massacre of an Innocent Hours of the Virgin: Vespers Full-page miniature Flight into Egypt Hours of the Virgin: Compline Full-page miniature Last Judgment Seven Penitential Psalms Full-page miniature Funeral Service Office of the Dead Full-page miniature St. Jerome in the Study Devotional sequence: Psalter of St. Jerome Full-page miniature

French late-nineteenth early-twentieth century crimson velvet over wooden boards; sewn on five recessed cords; at least two previous sewings; rounded spine; re-gilt edges; leather fore-edge tabs at illuminated folios

 1440-50 Bruges Made in Bruges, ca. 1440-50, for Use of Rome; Bruges feasts in calendar for SS. Amandus and Vedast Léon Gruel, Paris, bookbinder and bookseller, late-nineteenth or early-twentieth century; Gruel bookplate on front pastedown inscribed "No. 85" Henry Walters, Baltimore, purchased from Gruel between 1895 and 1931 Walters Art Museum, 1931, by Henry Walters' bequest Relevant Works De Ricci, S., and W. J. Wilson. Census of Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts in the United States and Canada. Vol. 1. New York: H. W. Wilson Company, 1935; p. 792, no. 225. Panofsky, Erwin. Early Netherlandish Painting. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1953; p. 122. Kessler, Herbert L. French and Flemish Illuminated Manuscripts from Chicago Collections. Exhibition Catalogue. Chicago: Newberry Library, 1969; ref. under cat. nos. 3, 4. Meiss, Millard. Painting in Florence and Siena after the Black Death: The Arts, Religion, and Society in the Mid-Fourtheenth Century. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1978; p. 143. Dogaer, Georges. Flemish Miniature Painting in the 15th and 16th Centuries. Amsterdam: B.M. Israël, 1987; p. 31. Farquhar, James Douglas. "Manuscript Production and Evidence for Localizing and Dating Fifteenth-Century Books of Hours: Walters MS 239." Journal of the Walters Art Gallery 45 (1987): 44-88; p. 56. Owens, M. B. "Musical Subjects in the Illumination of Books of Hours from Fifteenth-Century France and Flanders." 2 vols. Ph.D. diss., University of Chicago, 1987; p. 429. Wieck, Roger Seymour. Time Sanctified: The Book of Hours in Medieval Art and Life. Exhibition Catalogue. Baltimore, Walters Art Gallery. NY: George Braziller, 1988; pp. 39, 97, 212, cat. no. 90, fig. 64. Arnould, Alain, and Jean Michel Massing. Splendors of Flanders. Exhibition Catalogue. Fitzwilliam Museum. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993; p. 124, ref. under cat. no. 37. Randall, Lilian M. C. Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts in the Walters Art Gallery. Vol. 3, Belgium, 1250-1530. Part 1. Baltimore, London: Johns Hopkins University Press in association with the Walters Art Gallery, 1997; pp. 163-169, cat. no. 236. Fliegel, Stephen. The Jeanne Miles Blackburn Collection of Manuscript Illuminations. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art, 1999; p. 47, cat. no. 44. Art Medicine Museum Poetry Script Muhammad, the Prophet Kashmiri Horses Walters Art Museum Document Astrology Devotion History Legal Literature -- Poetry Literature -- Prose Liturgy Philosophy Science Science -- Medicine Scripture Sufism Theology Mineralogy Logic Geography Geomancy Cosmology Cartography Fortune-telling Koran Qur`an Firman Palimpsest Prayer Bible Gospels Psalter Missal Lectionary Book of Hours Antiphonary Homilary Processional Horologion Breviary Hymnal Chronicle Maghreb Sub-Saharan (West) Africa Turkey Afghanistan Central Asia Egypt England India Iran Iraq Pakistan Germany France Austria Netherlands Ethiopia Armenia Flanders Greece Mamluk Mughal Ottoman Ottonian Armenian Byzantine Abbasid Qajar Rajput Christian Arabic Austrian Dutch Egyptian Fatimid German Indian Islamic Persian Safavid Timurid Turkish Umayyad English French Flemish Ethiopian Carolingian Calligraphy Colophon Headpiece Illumination Illustration Medallion Miniature Ornament Painting Early Abbasid script Ragini Romanesque Gothic Watermark Grotesques Historiated initial Inhabited initial White-vine lettering Textura Batarda Humanistic Uncial Accordion book Album Book Codex Manuscript Heraldry Saint's Life Drawing Grisaille New Abbasid style Musical notation Russia Romania Charter Russian Genealogy Mass book Prayer book Gospel Lectionary Psalter-Hours Treatise Grammar Gloss Pontifical Private devotional text Gradual Protective scroll Scroll 10th century 11th century 12th century 13th century 14th century 15th century 16th century 17th century 18th century 19th century 20th century 8th century 9th century Block book Caroline minuscule Central Arab lands (Near East) Chart English secretary hand Kufic Gothic book hand Original binding Treasure binding Gospel Book Spanish Spain Italian Italy Coptic Scrapbook American United States Maryland Historical Society Friendship book Friendship Biography Judaism Talmud Collection of Sermons Notable Notable binding Liturgical Devotional Scriptural Theological Legal Historical Scientific Scientific -- Medical Literary -- Prose Literary -- Poetry Philosophical Astrological Sufi English Book of Hours Flemish Illumination Manuscript Walters Art Museum Flanders 15th century Devotion Book Codex Christian Miniature Painting