Walters Ms. W.25, Premonstratensian Psalter

Walters Ms. W.25, Premonstratensian Psalter Prayer to the Virgin Liturgical Psalter Canticles, hymns, and creeds Litany, petitions, and collects Office of the Dead Collects, prayers, hymns, creeds, Gospel sequence Added prayer Psalter Cataloger Herbert, Lynley Cataloger Walters Art Museum curatorial staff and researchers since 1934 Editor Herbert, Lynley Editor Noel, William Copy editor Dibble, Charles Contributor Bockrath, Diane Contributor Davis, Lisa Fagin Contributor Dutschke, Consuelo Contributor Emery, Doug Contributor Hamburger, Jeffrey Contributor Klemm, Elizabeth Contributor Mednyanszky, Orsolya Contributor Noel, William Contributor Sciacca, Christine Contributor Tabritha, Ariel Contributor Toth, Michael B. Contributor Valle, Chiara Conservator Owen, Linda Conservator Quandt, Abigail The Walters Art Museum

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This late twelfth- or early thirteenth-century Psalter was made for a female supplicant, and is of Premonstratensian use. Created and used in Rhineland, Germany, it remained there until the French Revolution, after which it was eventually acquired by the English book collector Sir Thomas Phillipps. The Psalter is liturgical, and therefore has eight divisions for the liturgical week, as well as the usual tripartite divisions. Each of these major psalms is marked by large lively inhabited or foliate initials. Early added prayers on the first and last blank pages, as well as occasional marginal prayers and notes in a variety of hands, attest to the manuscript's use through time. Baltimore The Walters Art Museum W.25 The primary language in this manuscript is Latin. 1r - 202v Psalter Psalter and prayers for a female supplicant 1r - 1r Prayer to the Virgin Oratio bona et utilis de beata virgine. Ave dei genitrix summi virgo Text is later addition, written in late thirteenth-century hand 1v - 164v Liturgical Psalter Beatus vir Divisions at eight psalms for the liturgical week (Psalms 1, 26, 38, 52, 68, 80, 97, and 109), with additional divisions at Psalms 51 and 101 (these comprise the usual tripartite division that includes Psalm 1); each psalm ends with a verse of a Psalterium Beatae Mariae; charm added fol. 20r under Psalm 21: "Grabbatim zephap pantazer primellus/Adiutor meus esto domino fac quod peto ne/moreris"; Psalms 148 and 149 conflated 164v - 179r Canticles, hymns, and creeds Confitebor tibi Domine quoniam 179r - 184r Litany, petitions, and collects Domine ihesu christe filii dei vivi Litany contains twenty-four martyrs, seventeen confessors, twelve virgins (including Genovefa); texts are as follows: fol. 179r: Collect; fols. 179v-180v: Litany; fols. 181r-182r: petitions; fols. 182r-184r: Preces and collects 184r - 189v Office of the Dead Vigilie defunctorum. Placebo domino in regione vivorum Responsories indicate Premonstratensian use 189v - 202v Collects, prayers, hymns, creeds, Gospel sequence Pro congregatione. Deus venie largitor The last four pages, fols. 199-202, have had their outer, and in one case also lower, margins cut off, but the textblocks are intact; texts are as follows: fol. 189v: Three collects; fols. 190r-193r: Seven prayers to the Trinity; fol. 193r: Hymn; fols. 193r-194r: Creeds; fols. 194r-198r: Ten prayers to the Trinity, with antiphons; fol. 198r: Antiphon for St. Martin; fol. 198r: Responsory and versicle for St. John; fol. 198r-v: Two prayers; fols. 198v-199v: Hymn to the Trinity; fols. 199v-200r: Gospel sequence, St. John; fols. 200v-201r: Two prayers with an antiphon; fol. 201r: Collect; fols. 201v-202r: De sancta anima domini; fol. 202r: Added prayer, nearly contemporary with manuscript, probably late twelfth or early thirteenth century 202v - 202v Added prayer Pater de caelis deus qui nusisti filium tuum Prayer added to blank page, possibly second quarter of the thirteenth century

Somewhat yellowed parchment; uneven weight, ranging from thin to thick

Foliation: i+202+i21.3 13.8 16.8 9.6 Modern pencil foliation, upper right corners rectos

i, 1-14(8), 15(10), 16(6), 17(10), 18(6), 19(10), 20(6), 21(10), 22(6), 23(10), 24(6), 25(10?), i None None Quires begin on fols. 1, 9, 17, 25, 33, 49, 57, 65, 73, 81, 89, 97, 105, 113, 123, 129, 139, 145, 155, 161, 171, 177, 187, 193

Lead ruled Gothic bookhand Pre-Gothic formal bookhand; two sizes of script in Office of the Dead (fols. 184r-192r) Large initials mark psalm divisions: inhabited initials fols. 1v, 25v, 41r, 55v, 56v, 72r, and 110v; historiated initial fol. 126r; foliate initials fols. 90v and 108r Historiated initial fol. 164v Seven inhabited and two historiated initials with beasts and human figures (7-15 lines); two foliate initials (9-10 lines); initials drawn in black and red pen, often with gold or yellow wash backgrounds and red and green accents; Psalms begin with red pen-drawn decorative initials with blue or green flourishes (3-8 lines); Psalm verses begin with red initials (1 line high); rubrics in red, text in black ink Initial "B" (Beatus vir) Psalm 1 Inhabited initial "B," 15 lines Initial "D" (Dominus illuminatio mea) Psalm 27 Inhabited initial "D," 10 lines Initial "D" (Dixi custodiam) Psalm 39 Inhabited initial "D," 9 lines Initial "Q" with man battling dragon (Quid gloriaris) Psalm 51 Inhabited initial "Q," 8 lines Initial "D" (Dixit insipiens) Psalm 52 Inhabited initial "D," 8 lines Initial "S" with man battling dragon (Salvum me) Psalm 69 Inhabited initial "S," 9 lines Initial "E" (Exultate deo) Psalm 81 Decorated initial "E," 10 lines Initial "C" (Cantate domino) Psalm 97 Decorated initial "C," 9 lines Initial "D" (Domine exaudi) Psalm 102 Inhabited initial "D," 10 lines Initial "D" with God the Father and God the Son (?) (Dixit dominus) Psalm 109 Historiated initial "D," 8 lines Initial "C" with bust of Isaiah (?) (Confitebor tibi) Canticles Historiated initial "C," 7 lines

Sixteenth-century German beech boards, originally covered in brown leather; re-covered in green velvet in the nineteenth century by Léon Gruel, Paris; clasp and catch plates are sixteenth century, poorly refitted

Late 12th or early 13th century CE Rhineland, Germany Made for Premonstratensian use (Office of the Dead is of this use), or possibly also Augustinian use (two mentions of Augustine in litany and multiple prayers to the Trinity), probably in Rhineland (litany includes Mosan saints), late twelfth or early thirteenth century Owned by Rhenish abbeys before French Revolution Leander van Ess of Darmstadt, acquired from Rhenish abbeys after French Revolution Sir Thomas Phillipps, 1824, by purchase, no. 441; Ex-libris fol. 1r: rampant lion stamp and inscription "Sir T.P./Middle Hill 441" Phillipps's sale, London (either 1911, no. 868, or 1913, no. 1021) Léon Gruel collection, no. 924 (front pastedown) Henry Walters, Baltimore, acquired from Gruel before 1931 Walters Art Museum, 1931, by Henry Walters' bequest Relevant Works Ess, Leander van. Sammlung und Verzeichniss handscriftlicher Bücher aus dem VIII. IX. X. XI. XII. XIII. XIV. etc. Jahrhundert: bestehend aus 171 Bänden auf Pergament 19 theils auf Pergament theils auf Papier und 190 auf Papier; nebst einer Sammlung von alten Holzschnitten und kleinen Gemälden mit Vergoldung die leider! aus alten Pergament-Handschriften ausgeschitten sind welche besitzt Leander van Ess Theolog. Doktor Vorrin Professor und Pfarrer in Marburg. Darmstadt, 1823, p. 14, no. 56. De Ricci, Seymour. Census of Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts in the United States and Canada. Vol. 1. New York: H. W. Wilson Company, 1935, p. 769, cat. no. 76. Phillipps, Sir Thomas. The Phillipps Manuscripts: Catalogus librorum manuscriptorum in bibliotheca D. Thomae Phillipps, bt. London: Holland Press, 1968, p. 5, cat. no. 441. Oliver, Judith. Gothic Manuscript Illumination in the Diocese of Liege (ca. 1250-ca. 1330). 2 vols. Leuven: Uitgeverij Peeters, 1988, p. 137. Art Medicine Museum Poetry Script Muhammad, the Prophet Kashmiri Horses Walters Art Museum Document Astrology Devotion History Legal Literature -- Poetry Literature -- Prose Liturgy Philosophy Science Science -- Medicine Scripture Sufism Theology Mineralogy Logic Geography Geomancy Cosmology Cartography Fortune-telling Koran Qur`an Firman Palimpsest Prayer Bible Gospels Psalter Missal Lectionary Book of Hours Antiphonary Homilary Processional Horologion Breviary Hymnal Chronicle Maghreb Sub-Saharan (West) Africa Turkey Afghanistan Central Asia Egypt England India Iran Iraq Pakistan Germany France Austria Netherlands Ethiopia Armenia Flanders Greece Mamluk Mughal Ottoman Ottonian Armenian Byzantine Abbasid Qajar Rajput Christian Arabic Austrian Dutch Egyptian Fatimid German Indian Islamic Persian Safavid Timurid Turkish Umayyad English French Flemish Ethiopian Carolingian Calligraphy Colophon Headpiece Illumination Illustration Medallion Miniature Ornament Painting Early Abbasid script Ragini Romanesque Gothic Watermark Grotesques Historiated initial Inhabited initial White-vine lettering Textura Batarda Humanistic Uncial Accordion book Album Book Codex Manuscript Heraldry Saint's Life Drawing Grisaille New Abbasid style Musical notation Russia Romania Charter Russian Genealogy Mass book Prayer book Gospel Lectionary Psalter-Hours Treatise Grammar Gloss Pontifical Private devotional text Gradual Protective scroll Scroll 10th century 11th century 12th century 13th century 14th century 15th century 16th century 17th century 18th century 19th century 20th century 8th century 9th century Block book Caroline minuscule Central Arab lands (Near East) Chart English secretary hand Kufic Gothic book hand Original binding Treasure binding Gospel Book Spanish Spain Italian Italy Coptic Scrapbook American United States Maryland Historical Society Friendship book Friendship Biography Judaism Talmud Collection of Sermons Notable Notable binding Textbook Scholarly compendium Ancient Greece Ancient Rome Literature Japanese Japan Nordic Scandinavia Catalog Dictionary Spanish Colonial Mexico Mayan Haggadah Liturgical Devotional Scriptural Theological Legal Historical Scientific Scientific -- Medical Literary -- Prose Literary -- Poetry Philosophical Astrological Sufi English Christian Codex Illumination Manuscript Scripture German Psalter Book Inhabited initial Walters Art Museum Germany 12th century 13th century Devotion