Walters Ms. W.267, Book of Hours Calendar Suffrage to a guardian angel Hours of the Virgin Office of the Dead Seven Penitential Psalms Litany, petitions, prayers, and collects Hours of the Cross Hours of the Holy Spirit Devotional sequence and suffrages Prayer to the Virgin, and prayer to Christ on the Cross Book of Hours Principal cataloger Randall, Lilian M.C. Cataloger Herbold, Rebekah Editor Herbert, Lynley Copy editor Wallace, Susan Contributor Emery, Doug Contributor Noel, William Contributor Ransom, Allison Contributor Tabritha, Ariel Contributor Toth, Michael B. Contributor Wiegand, Kimber Conservator Owen, Linda Conservator Quandt, Abigail The Walters Art Museum

Licensed for use under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported Access Rights, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/legalcode. It is requested that copies of any published articles based on the information in this data set be sent to the curator of manuscripts, The Walters Art Museum, 600 North Charles Street, Baltimore MD 21201.

 This Book of Hours was created in Hainaut, France, ca. 1450-60. The first owner was likely female, as a female donor is depicted on fol. 13v. Perhaps among the most noteworthy components of the book is the heraldry present throughout. Armorial shields were added early and identified by Michel Pastoureau as arms of a member of the Buves family of Picardy. There are two heraldic coats of arms: the first is of two gold lions, the second remains unidentified. While the armorial shields are sometimes present as stand-alone images, the two are often juxtaposed below prayers, such as Matins in the Hours of the Virgin, Compline in the Hours of the Virgin, and the Office of the Dead. Baltimore The Walters Art Museum W.267 The primary language in this manuscript is Latin. The secondary language of this manuscript is French, Middle (ca.1400-1600). 1r - 188v Book of Hours 1v - 12r Calendar Full calendar; graded in red and dark brown; contents indicate destination of Mons (diocese of Cambrai); feasts of note include: Epiphany (Jan. 6, "Le iour des Rois"), William (Jan. 9, bishop of Bourges, on this date in Lyons, elsewhere regularly Jan. 10), Maurus (Jan. 15), Brictius (Jan. 18), Holy relics (Jan. 29 cf. Jan. 31), Aldegund (Jan. 30), Veronus (Jan. 31, Invention, relics transferred to St. Waudru in Mons in 1005 CE; cf. Jan. 29), Waldetrudis (Feb. 3, patroness of Mons, relics at St. Waudru, Mons; cf. Apr. 9), Blasius (Feb. 4), Helen matron (Feb. 7, on this date in Rheims archdiocese; cf. May 21), Ansbert (Feb. 9, Rouen), Victor (Feb. 20, martyr, rare date), Polycarp (Feb. 21), Bavo (Feb. 23, regularly Oct. 1; this date as in W.277), Julianus (Feb. 27), Lubin (Mar. 13, regularly Mar. 14; on this date as in Paris Horae, such as W.231 and W.232), Hubert (Mar. 15), Montanus (Mar. 26), Romanus (Mar. 30, rare date), Macarius (Apr. 6, regularly Apr. 10), Dionysius (Apr. 8, Mans, Paris), Waldetrudis (Apr. 9, death, Mons; cf. Feb. 3, Jul. 14, Nov. 2), Maxima (May 16), Mark (Apr. 25), Potentiana (May 20), Helen matron (May 21, "elaine;" cf. Feb. 7), Donatian (May 26), martyr, regularly May 24), Germanus (May 28, Paris), Theoderic (May 29, "thieri"; irregular date), Petronilla (May 31), Romanus (Jun. 1; cf. Jun. 17), Modestus (Apr. 16), Romanus (Jun. 17; cf. Jun. 1), Marina (Jun. 18, Paris), Processus (Jul. 3), Daniel (Jul. 8), Benedict (Jul. 10, Translation), Vincent (Jul. 14, "uinchiien"; named Madelgar and married to Waldetrudis before becoming a Benedictine monk, founder of the Abbey of Hautmont in diocese of Cambrai and of the monastery of Soignies near Mons in the same diocese), Praxedis (Jul. 19, regularly Jul. 21), Agapitus (Aug. 17), Bartholomew (Aug. 24), Protus (Sept. 10, "prothin"; occasional parallels on this date, W.220), Aichard (Sept. 15, "akaire"), Cyprian (Sept. 24), Donatus (Sept. 28, atypical date), Remigius (Oct. 1), Dionysius, Ghislain (Oct. 9, "denis gisl," the latter was spiritual adviser to SS Waldetrudis and Aldegund), Mellonius (Oct. 22, Rouen), Gratianus (Oct. 23, "gracien," Amiens, Soissons, etc.), All Souls, Waldetrudis (Nov. 2, "Les ames S'te Wad. [Waudru]," Mons), Columban (Nov. 20), Geneviève (Nov. 26, Paris), Benedict (Jul. 5, Translation: Bourges, Dec. 4), Nicasius (Dec. 14), Felix (Dec. 22, Metz), Perpetuus (Dec. 30, bishop of Tours, death date) 12v - 13r Suffrage to a guardian angel Orison a bon angele Antiphona Angele sancte qui michi Rare suffrage to a guardian angel for a female suppliant 13v - 85v Hours of the Virgin Ave maria gratia plena Gabriel's salutation to the Virgin Mary on fol. 13v; Hours of the Virgin begins on fol. 14r; common features were noted by John Plummer in a Psalter-Hours for a nunnery, perhaps St. Leonard de Guines, diocese of Thérouanne (BN lat. 1073a); intermittent invocations for female gender, some for the use of Rome 86r - 133v Office of the Dead Antiphona Placebo. Dilexi quoniam 134r - 146v Seven Penitential Psalms Domine ne in furore tuo 146v - 159r Litany, petitions, prayers, and collects Kyrieleyson Fols. 146v-154r: contents of litany suggest destination for Cambrai diocese, majority of saints are female: sixteen apostles/"evuangeliste," from Peter to Luke, eighteen martyrs, including Stephen, Cornelius, Cyprian, Cosmos, Damian, Lawrence, Vincent, Christopher, George, Quintinus, Sebastian, Dionysius "cum sociis tuis," Gereon "cum sociis tuis," Lambert (bishop of Maestricht); thirteen confessors, namely Silvester, Leo, Ambrose, Augustine, Lambert, Martin, Nicholas, Francis, Hubert, Ghislain, Remigius, Germanus, Vincent; twenty-four virgins, namely Mary Magdalene ("Ora pro nobis"), Mary Egyptian, Perpetua, Lucy, Agatha, Agnes, Catherine, Margaret, Anastasia, Juliana, Barbara, Christina, Anne, Apollonia, Brigid, Thecla, Clare, Fides, Spes, Caritas, Elizabeth, Gertrude, Waldetrudis, Adelgundis; fols. 149v-153r: petitions and invocations; fols. 153r-154r: three collects; fols. 154r-159v: nine communion prayers; fols. 157v-159r: Psalm 116, cues for invocations and the Lord's Prayer, and benedictions 159v - 169v Hours of the Cross Domine labia mea aperies Headings for canonical hours are in French, secondary headings in Latin 170r - 177r Hours of the Holy Spirit Domine labia mea aperies 177v - 183r Devotional sequence and suffrages Sancte iohannes baptista Fols. 177v-178r: Prayer to St. John the Baptist; fols. 178v-179r: Prayer to St. John the Evangelist; fols. 179v-180r: Suffrage to St. Sebastian; fols. 180v-181r: Suffrage to St. Anthony; fols. 181v-182r: Suffrage to St. Barbara, rhyming; fols. 182v-183r: Suffrage to St. Margaret 183v - 188v Prayer to the Virgin, and prayer to Christ on the Cross O intemerata et in aeternum benedicta Both prayers for a female suppliant

Medium to thick, highly prepared parchment of average selection; substantial amount of water damage on lower margins, especially at the front of the volume; front endleaves and back endleaves are modern parchment

 Foliation: iii+188+bis+iii21.1 14.2 12.1 7.3 Fol. 2bis accounts for noted bis in formula; modern pencil foliation upper right corners rectos

Quire 1: 8, with first folio canceled, and including fol. 2bis (fols. 1-6); Quire 2: 6 (fols. 7-12); Quire 3: 8, with first folio added (fols. 13-21); Quires 4-17: 8 (fols. 22-133); Quire 18: 8, with first folio added (fols. 134-142); Quires 19-22: 8 (fols. 143-174); Quire 23: 8 (fols. 175-182); Quire 24: 8, with the 7th and 8th folios canceled (fols. 185-188)

Layout does not apply to calendar: 5 columns of 17 lines; ruled in light mauve ink Written in textura Nine small miniatures with corresponding decorated initials on fols. 13v, 14r, 38r, 49r, 59v, 64r, 68v, 73r, and 80v; coat of arms on fol. 85v One small miniature and decorated initial on fol. 86r One full-page coat of arms on fol. 134r; one full-page miniature on fol. 134v; large decorated illuminated initial with foliated borders on fol. 135r One small miniature and decorated initial on fol. 159v One small miniature and decorated initial on fol. 170r Six small miniatures on fols. 177v, 178v, 179v, 180v, 181v, and 182v; coat of arms on fol. 178r One full-page miniature on fol. 183v; miniature of Last Judgment's placement suggests a lost text between fols. 183 and 184; one small miniature and decorated initial on fol. 184r Twenty-one miniatures: two full-page miniatures, inserted, and nineteen small miniatures; illuminated borders present around full-page miniatures on pages facing full-page miniatures, at two openings with smallest historiated initials (fols. 37v, 208r), and on pages with initials of 2 lines; planned with abundant use of purple for flowers, berries, and acanthus; a general plan of thin-stemmed acanthus, floral or berry spray at base and fore-edge; borders inhabited periodically by animate motifs, mostly songbirds or peacocks; decorated illuminated initials in rose-mauve or blue on gold ground at text divisions marked by small miniatures; extenders end in flowers or leaves; secondary text divisions marked by small decorated gold initials (2 lines) and smaller initials (1 line) for versals; rubrics in red ink; text in dark brown ink Archangel Gabriel genuflecting, right hand on shoulder of female manuscript owner kneeling at prie-dieu Hours of the Virgin: Matins Small miniature, 13 lines Virgin Annunciate Hours of the Virgin: Matins Small miniature, 13 lines Coat of arms Hours of the Virgin: Lauds Heraldry, 12 lines Visitation Hours of the Virgin: Lauds Small miniature, 13 lines Nativity, preparation for the Christ Child's birth Hours of the Virgin: Prime Small miniature, 13 lines Annunciation to the Shepherds Hours of the Virgin: Terce Small miniature, 13 lines Adoration of the Magi Hours of the Virgin: Sext Small miniature, 13 lines Massacre of the Innocents (2) Hours of the Virgin: None Small miniature, 13 lines The Flight into Egypt Hours of the Virgin: Vespers Small miniature, 13 lines Coronation of the Virgin Hours of the Virgin: Compline Small miniature, 13 lines Coat of arms Hours of the Virgin: Compline Heraldry, 7 lines Funeral service Office of the Dead Small miniature, 13 lines Coat of arms Penitential Psalms Full-page heraldry King David penitent Penitential Psalms Full-page miniature Crucifixion Hours of the Cross Small miniature, 13 lines Coat of arms Hours of the Cross Heraldry, 11 lines Pentecost Hours of the Holy Spirit Small miniature, 13 lines St. John the Baptist baptizing Christ Devotional Sequence: Prayer Small miniature, 13 lines Coat of arms Devotional sequence and suffrages Heraldry, 7 lines St. John the Evangelist Devotional Sequence: Prayer Small miniature, 13 lines St. Sebastian, martyred Devotional sequence and suffrages: Suffrage Small miniature, 13 lines St. Anthony Devotional sequence and suffrages: Suffrage Small miniature, 13 lines St. Barbara Devotional sequence and suffrages: Suffrage Small miniature, 13 lines St. Margaret issuing from the dragon Devotional sequence and suffrages: Suffrage Small miniature, 13 lines Last Judgment Prefacing a lost text Full-page miniature Virgin and Child with angel presenting a white flower Prayer to the Virgin: "O intermerata" Small miniature, 13 lines

Nineteenth-century Belgian (?) binding; pale maroon velvet (worn) over wooden boards; spine rounded and backed; gilt edges; seventeenth- or eighteenth-century silver clasps and catches, possibly transferred from original binding; "R F" hallmark appearing on all four plates; "Die werke Rinjes" engraved on the inside of clasps (on top, in neat cursive); surfaces of both catches can be seen inside covers stamped with the circular hallmark of "H R" surmounted by a four-petal floret that resembles the mark of Hendrik Beerns Ronner, who was active in Dokkum, Friesland, ca. 1738-52

 Ca. 1450-60 CE Hainaut Created ca. 1450-60 in Hainaut; style, linked with that of northern France and Mons, suggests the manuscript was intended for use in the diocese of Cambrai Female first owner is depicted on fol. 13v; it is possible that there is a reference to the original owner in the small coats of arms of d'or au chevron d'azur that are on the pall and candlesticks in the miniature on fol. 86r Owned by a member of the Buves family of Picardy, suggested by a coat of arms on fol. 37v, identified by Michel Pastoureau Fragment of a nineteenth-century book catalog in file lists manuscript as no. 1161 and marks it "sold"; listing for book labeled 1889 on other side of fragment provides terminus post quem for sale, suggesting auction took place between 1889 and 1891 Brayton Ives, New York City, no. 625 in his sale on March 6, 1891, at American Art Galleries; sale number written in pencil on front pastedown Marshall C. Lefferts, New York City, gold and white monogram on leather ticket fixed to the top left on the front pastedown H. Richmond, New York bookseller, 1901 Henry Walters, Baltimore, likely purchased from Richmond between 1901 and 1931 Walters Art Museum, 1931, by Henry Walters' bequest Relevant Works De Ricci, Seymour, and William J. Wilson. Census of Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts in the United States and Canada. Vol. 1. New York: H. W. Wilson Company, 1935; p. 793, cat. no. 228. Wieck, Roger S. Time Sanctified: The Book of Hours in Medieval Art and Life. Exhibition catalogue. Baltimore: Walters Art Gallery. NY: George Braiziller, 1988; cat. no. 40, figs. 12, 89, 114. Purtle, C. J. The Iconography of Prayer, Jean de Berry, and the Origin of the Annunciation in the Church. Simiolus 20/4 (1990/91): figure 15, fols. 13v-14r, p. 239. Randall, Lilian M. C. Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts in the Walters Art Gallery. Vol. 3, part 2, Belgium, 1250-1530. Baltimore and London: Johns Hopkins University Press in association with the Walters Art Gallery, 1997; pp. 66, 143, cat. no. 112, 129. Sponsler, Claire. Drama and Resistance: Bodies, Goods, and Theatricality in Late Medieval England. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press, 1997; p. 191 (n. 50). Wieck, Roger S. “The Death Desired: Books of Hours and the Medieval Funeral.” In Death and Dying in the Middle Ages. Edited by Edelgard E. DuBruck and Barbara I. Gusick, 431-476. New York: Peter Lang, 1999; pp. 437 (as fig. 17), 439 (as fig. 17), 447 (n. 17), 465 (fig. 17). Havice, Christine. “Approaching Medieval Women Through Medieval Art.” In Women in Medieval Western European Culture. Edited by Linda E. Mitchell, 345-386. Oxford: Taylor and Francis Publishing, 1999; pp. 356 (as fig. 4), 373, 377 (fig. 4). Noel, William. "Books in the Home: Psalters and Books of Hours." In Medieval Mastery: Book Illumination from Charlemagne to Charles the Bold (800-1475). Edited by William Noel and Lee Preedy, 57-67. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols, 2002; pp. 66 (fig. 13), 67. Schwarz, Michael V. Visuelle Medien im christlichen Kult‬: Fallstudien aus dem 13. bis 16. Jahrhundert‬. Vienna, Cologne, and Weimar: Böhlau, 2002; pp. 156, 158 (Abb. 17), 160. ‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬ Gathercole, Patricia M. The Depiction of Angels and Demons in Medieval French Manuscript Illumination. Lewiston, NY: Edwin Mellen Press, 2004; p. 20. Randall, Lilian M. C. “Frontal Heads in the Borders of Parisian and South Netherlandish Books of Hours, ca. 1415-60.” In Tributes in Honor of Jonathan J. G. Alexander: The Making and Meaning of Illuminated Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts, Art, and Architecture. Edited by Susan L’Engle and Gerald B. Gest, 249-268. Turnhout, Belgium: Harvey Miller Publishers, 2006; pp. 256, 259, fig. 8. Reinburg, Virginia. French Books of Hours: Making an Archive of Prayer, c. 1400-1600. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 2012; pp. ix, 216, 217. Gathercole, Patricia M. The Depiction of Clothing in Medieval French Manuscripts. Lewiston, NY: Edwin Mellen Press, 2008; frontispiece (fol. 13v), p. 76. 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