Walters Ms. W.26, Claricia Psalter Charter (front pastedown) Litany and petitions Calendar Prefatory cycle John chapter 17 (Christ's prayer for his disciples) Psalter Canticles Magnificat Office of the Dead Prayers Meditation on the Annunciation Salve Regina Prayer Prayer Charter (original back pastedown) Psalter Cataloger Walters Art Museum curatorial staff and researchers since 1934 Editor Herbert, Lynley Editor Noel, William Copy editor Bockrath, Diane Contributor Bockrath, Diane Contributor Emery, Doug Contributor Hamburger, Jeffrey Contributor Noel, William Contributor Tabritha, Ariel Contributor Toth, Michael B. Conservator Owen, Linda Conservator Quandt, Abigail The Walters Art Museum

Licensed for use under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported Access Rights, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/legalcode. It is requested that copies of any published articles based on the information in this data set be sent to the curator of manuscripts, The Walters Art Museum, 600 North Charles Street, Baltimore MD 21201.

 This Psalter was made for, and most likely by, a group of Benedictine nuns at the abbey of saints Ulrich and Afra in Augsburg, Germany. Although the Psalter itself, along with its calendar, dates to the late twelfth or early thirteenth century, a number of texts and prayers were added in the mid thirteenth century. Most striking about the manuscript are its illuminations, which include a prefatory cycle, full-page miniatures, and historiated initials. While all are Romanesque in style, they vary greatly in quality and technique, and three or four different artists seem to have been at work. The Claricia Psalter takes its name from one of the initials, which depicts a young girl in secular dress swinging from the initial "Q," who has "Claricia" written around her head. It has been suggested that the image represents a novice artist who signed her work, but there are many other theories, and none are certain. Baltimore The Walters Art Museum W.26 The primary language in this manuscript is Latin. 1r - 189r Psalter Incomplete; lacks folio between fols. 9 and 10; lacks three folios between fols. 10 and 11; lacks folio between fols. 179 and 180; original manuscript contained calendar, Psalter, and canticles; the Magnificat, Office of the Dead, meditation on the Annunciation, Salve Regina, and several prayers and Gospel readings were added in the mid thirteenth century; two early charters used as pastedowns ubi1 - ubi1 Charter (front pastedown) Fifteenth-century(?) charter used as front pastedown; names Johann de Stedere and Henr abbas 1r - 1r Litany and petitions Text added in the fifteenth century to an originally blank folio 1v - 7r Calendar Januarius habet dies. xxxi. luna. xxx. Verses at tops of columns celebrating events in the lives of Christ and the Virgin, beginning "Baptismo Christi gaudet solempnia iani"; Egyptian Day verses at feet of columns; numerous obits added early, including Hochburga Abbessa (October 21) 7v - 9r Prefatory cycle No text 9v - 10v John chapter 17 (Christ's prayer for his disciples) In illo tempore sublevatis Ihesu oculis Text of John chapter 17 added to blank versos of fols. 9 and 10 11r - 166v Psalter Beatus vir, qui non abiit Psalter in three-part division (Psalms 1, 51, 101), plus decorated initial marking Psalm 52; some Psalms have neumes 166v - 179v Canticles Canticulum Confitebor tibi domine quoniam iratus es michi Ten canticles 180r - 180r Magnificat Magnificat anima mea Dominum Added text, mid-thirteenth-century hand 180v - 187r Office of the Dead Vigiliae mortuorum Oremus pro fidelibus defunctis Added text, mid-thirteenth-century hand 187r - 187v Prayers Oratio Quaesumus Domine ut animabus Two added prayers, mid-thirteenth-century hand 187v - 188r Meditation on the Annunciation Missus est Gabriel angelus ad Mariam Virginem Added text, mid-thirteenth-century hand 188r - 188r Salve Regina Salve Regina misericordiae vita Added text, mid-thirteenth-century hand 188r - 188v Prayer Oratio Deus qui de beate Marie Virginis Added text, mid-thirteenth-century hand 188v - 188v Prayer Alfa et omega Added prayer, later hand 189r - 189r Charter (original back pastedown) Stephanus ... sancti presbiter Possibly sixteenth-century charter originally used as back pastedown, now numbered as final folio; names Stephanus and Richardo Vecturi

Velvety parchment of medium thickness, well prepared but very worn from use

 Foliation: 18922.8 15.0 16.6 10.2 No flyleaves; modern pencil foliation in upper right corners of rectos

1(10,-9), 2(4,-2,3,4), 3-17(8), 18(2,-2), 19-24(8), 25(12,-1,2) None None Quires begin on fols. 1(1), 10(2), 11(3), 19(4), 27(5), 35(6), 43(7), 51(8), 59(9), 67(10), 75(11), 83(12), 91(13), 99(14), 107(15), 115(16), 123(17), 131(18), 132(19), 140(20), 148(21), 156(22), 164(23), 172(24), 180(25)

 Layout applies to everything except calendar on fols. 1v-7r (written in two columns); added litany and collects on fol. 1r (25 lines, 13.2 cm wide); and added Gospel reading on fol. 9v (23 lines, 12.5 cm wide) Written in documentary script Written in cursive script Written in documentary script Written in pre-Gothic bookhand; one hand evident for the majority of text; second hand evident on fols. 9v-10v; third hand takes over between fols. 179v-180r None None Zodiac signs in tympani Four full-page miniatures: Annunciation (fol. 7v), Nativity (fol. 8r), Virgin and Child (fol. 8v), and SS. Peter and Paul(?) (fol. 9r) Full-page miniature of John baptizing Christ on fol. 10r; different artist than prefatory cycle and separate from it--may have been a later insertion or part of a separate image cycle (the three folios following it missing) Full-page miniatures on fols. 131r and 131v; inhabited initial with "Claricia" surrounding it on fol. 64r; three-quarter-page miniatures on fols. 63v and 115r; historiated initial on fol. 115v; decorated initials on fols. 11r and 64v Enlarged red initials (2 lines) beginning each canticle Enlarged red initial (3 lines) beginning text Enlarged red initial (2 lines) beginning text Enlarged red initials (2 lines) beginning texts Enlarged red initial (2 lines) beginning text None Enlarged red initial (2 lines) beginning text None None Nineteen miniatures by three or four different hands, including a prefatory cycle of framed scenes heavily painted in blue, red, green, and gold; other drawings throughout in pen with some accent or background color; two historiated initials with figures in pen with accents of blue, red, and green; two decorated initials in the same colors; calendar framed by decorated columns topped by tympana containing the signs of the zodiac; enlarged red initials throughout (1-2 lines); rubrics in red; text in black ink Sign of the zodiac: Aquarius Calendar: January-February Full-page miniature Sign of the zodiac: Pisces Calendar: February-March Full-page miniature Sign of the zodiac: Aries Calendar: March-April Full-page miniature Sign of the zodiac: Taurus Calendar: April-May Full-page miniature Sign of the zodiac: Gemini Calendar: May-June Full-page miniature Sign of the zodiac: Cancer Calendar: June-July Full-page miniature Sign of the zodiac: Leo Calendar: July-August Full-page miniature Sign of the zodiac: Virgo Calendar: August-September Full-page miniature Sign of the zodiac: Libra Calendar: September-October Full-page miniature Sign of the zodiac: Scorpio Calendar: October-November Full-page miniature Sign of the zodiac: Sagittarius Calendar: November-December Full-page miniature Sign of the zodiac: Capricorn Calendar: December-January Full-page miniature Annunciation Full-page miniature

The inscription on the scroll reads: Ave gratia plena dominus tecum (Hail, full of grace, the Lord is with you).

 Nativity Full-page miniature Virgin and Child enthroned Full-page miniature SS. Peter and Paul(?) Full-page miniature John baptizing Christ Full-page miniature

The inscription on the scroll reads: Hic est filius meus dilectus in quo mihi bene complacui (This is my beloved son, in whom I am well pleased).

 Decorated initial "B" Opening of Psalm 1 Decorated initial "B," 12 lines Virgin and Child enthroned End of Psalm 50 Three-quarter-page miniature

The inscription reads: S. Maria (Holy Mary).

 "Claricia" swinging on an initial "Q" Opening of Psalm 51 Historiated initial "Q," 13 lines Decorated initial "D" Opening of Psalm 52 Decorated initial "D," 12 lines Holy Bishop Nicolaus End of Psalm 100 Three-quarter-page miniature

The inscription reads: Scs. Nicolaus eps. (Holy Bishop Nicolaus).

 Historiated initial "D" with Orant Nun Opening of Psalm 101 Historiated initial "D," 10 lines(?) St. Michael and the dragon End of Psalm 108 Full-page miniature SS. Ulrich and Afra(?) Opening of Psalm 109 Full-page miniature

Original (or possibly thirteenth- or fourteenth-century) beech boards covered by much-abraded leather with five metal bosses on upper and lower boards; remains of leather straps visible; thirteenth- or fourteenth-century charters used as pastedowns on both boards (lower board pastedown now numbered as final folio)

 Late 12th--early 13th century CE Augsburg, Germany Made in the late twelfth/early thirteenth century for an abbey in southern Germany, probably the Benedictine house of SS. Ulrich and Afra in Augsburg (these saints appear in the calendar and are depicted on fol. 131v; thirteenth-century note in German, top of fol. 2r) Bénigne-Charles Févret de Saint-Mémin (1770-1852) (bookplate originally on front pastedown [no longer extant]) Prince of Stolberg-Wernigerode, Zeisberg sale, Wernigerode, October 10, 1854, no. 37 (no. Za51 on spine) G. Schar, unknown date and mode of acquisition ("G. Schar 20" on fol. 1r) Léon Gruel collection, Paris, late nineteenth/early twentieth century Acquired by Henry Walters, Baltimore, from Gruel, before 1931 Walters Art Museum, 1931, by Henry Walters bequest Relevant Works Förstermann, Ernst Wilhelm. Die Gräflich Stolbergische Bibliothek zu Wernigerode. Nordhausen, Germany: Förstemann, 1866, p. 98(sic 89), no. Za51. De Ricci, Seymour. Census of Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts in the United States and Canada. Vol. 1. New York: H. W. Wilson Company, 1935, p. 769, no. 75. Harrsen, Meta. Cursus Sanctae Mariae. New York: Pierpont Morgan Library, 1937, p. 29, pl. 23. Miner, Dorothy. Anastaise and her Sisters: Women Artists of the Middle Ages. Baltimore: Walters Art Gallery, 1974, pp. 11-12, figs. 2-3. Carr, A. W. "Women Artists in the Middle Ages." The Feminist Art Journal 5 (1976): 5-9, 26. Alexander, Jonathan J. G. Medieval Illuminators and their Methods of Work. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1992, pp. 18, 20-21, fig. 31. Stokstad, Marilyn, Michael Watt Cothren, Frederick M. Asher, et al. Art History. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall/Pearson, 1995. Pollock, Griselda, and Rozsika Parker. Old Mistresses: Women, Art, and Ideology. London: Pantheon, 1981, p. 16, fig. 9. Art Medicine Museum Poetry Script Muhammad, the Prophet Kashmiri Horses Walters Art Museum Document Astrology Devotion History Legal Literature -- Poetry Literature -- Prose Liturgy Philosophy Science Science -- Medicine Scripture Sufism Theology Mineralogy Logic Geography Geomancy Cosmology Cartography Fortune-telling Koran Qur`an Firman Palimpsest Prayer Bible Gospels Psalter Missal Lectionary Book of Hours Antiphonary Homilary Processional Horologion Breviary Hymnal Chronicle Maghreb Sub-Saharan (West) Africa Turkey Afghanistan Central Asia Egypt England India Iran Iraq Pakistan Germany France Austria Netherlands Ethiopia Armenia Flanders Greece Mamluk Mughal Ottoman Ottonian Armenian Byzantine Abbasid Qajar Rajput Christian Arabic Austrian Dutch Egyptian Fatimid German Indian Islamic Persian Safavid Timurid Turkish Umayyad English French Flemish Ethiopian Carolingian Calligraphy Colophon Headpiece Illumination Illustration Medallion Miniature Ornament Painting Early Abbasid script Ragini Romanesque Gothic Watermark Grotesques Historiated initial Inhabited initial White-vine lettering Textura Batarda Humanistic Uncial Accordion book Album Book Codex Manuscript Heraldry Saint's Life Drawing Grisaille Binding New Abbasid style Musical notation Russia Romania Charter Russian Genealogy Mass book Prayer book Gospel Lectionary Psalter-Hours Treatise Grammar Gloss Pontifical Private devotional text Gradual Protective scroll Scroll 10th century 11th century 12th century 13th century 14th century 15th century 16th century 17th century 18th century 19th century 20th century 8th century 9th century Block book Caroline minuscule Central Arab lands (Near East) Chart English secretary hand Kufic Gothic book hand Original binding Treasure binding Gospel Book Spanish Spain Italian Italy Coptic Scrapbook American United States Maryland Historical Society Friendship book Friendship Liturgical Devotional Scriptural Theological Legal Historical Scientific Scientific -- Medical Literary -- Prose Literary -- Poetry Philosophical Astrological Sufi English Book Christian Codex Illumination Manuscript Miniature Walters Art Museum German Romanesque Devotion Psalter Germany Original binding Binding Historiated initial Inhabited initial Charter 12th century 13th century