Walters Ms. W.425, Prayer Book (fragment) Calendar Hours of the Virgin Seven Penitential Psalms (fragment) Suffrages Devotional texts Prayer Book Principal cataloger Randall, Lilian M.C. Cataloger Ransom, Allison Editor Herbert, Lynley Copy editor Wallace, Susan Contributor Brown, Emily Contributor Emery, Doug Contributor Noel, William Contributor Schuele, Allyson Contributor Shartrand, Emily Contributor Tabritha, Ariel Contributor Toth, Michael B. Contributor Wiegand, Kimber Conservator Owen, Linda Conservator Quandt, Abigail The Walters Art Museum

Licensed for use under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported Access Rights, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/legalcode. It is requested that copies of any published articles based on the information in this data set be sent to the curator of manuscripts, The Walters Art Museum, 600 North Charles Street, Baltimore MD 21201.

 This Prayer Book was created ca. 1520-30, likely in Brussels, in the style of the Master of Charles V. It consists entirely of single folios that were added in or moved around in the book, rendering collation unfeasible. Many of intricate and high-quality miniatures were reproduced through chromolithography by Léon Gruel in his Petites Heures, published in Paris in 1875. The calendar is especially charming and features seasonally relevant illustrations, such as children having a snowball fight in December. The suffrages contain detailed and illusionistic figures, including one for St. Elizabeth of Hungary. The contents of the calendar suggest a Franciscan affinity. Baltimore The Walters Art Museum W.425 The primary language in this manuscript is Latin. 1r - 58v Prayer Book 1r - 12v Calendar Januarius habet dies/ xxxi. luna vero xxx. Calendar incomplete with each month lacking feasts after the 18th, graded in red and brown ink; contents suggest affinity with Franciscan order; saints of note include Julianus (Jan. 7), Gilbert (Feb. 4), Dorothy (Feb. 6), Faustina and Jovita (Feb. 15), Gabriel (Mar. 18, "archangeli"), Euphemia (Apr. 7), Monica (May 4), Godehard (May 5, "Gotardi epi., bishop of Hildesheim), Theodora (May 13, irregular date), Bernardinus (May 17, Franciscan, Translation), Justinus (Jun. 1), Henry II (Jul. 12, "imperatoris, German ruler, 973-1024), Virgin of the Snow (Aug. 5, "Festum niuis"), Tiburtius and Susanna (Aug. 11), Rochus (Aug. 16, "rocho confessoris"), Moses (Sept. 4, "Moysi confessoris"), Maximinus (Sept. 12, "maximianus," bishop of Treves), Victor and Corona (Sept. 18), Francis (Oct. 4), Vitalis and Agricola (Nov. 4), Dedication of the Basilica of St. Salvator in Rome (Nov. 9), Gregory of Tours (Nov. 17, "Gregori turonensis"), Bibiana (Dec. 2), Sabas (Dec. 5), and Miltiades (Dec. 10, "Melchiadis") 17r - 17v 15r - 15v 40r - 40v 50r - 50v Hours of the Virgin Ad laudes Incipit missing Four extant pages containing texts from Laudes (fol. 17r-v); Prime (fol. 15r-v); Terce (fol. 40r-v); Vespers (fol. 50r-v) 26v - 26v Seven Penitential Psalms (fragment) Extant illustrated singleton, text of Seven Penitential Psalms lost 27r - 27v 37r - 37v 38r - 38v 43r - 43v 44r - 44v 45r - 46v 49r - 49v 52r - 52v 53r - 53v 58r - 58v 19r - 19v 16r - 16v 47r - 47v 48r - 48v 54r - 54v 41r - 41v 56r - 56v 20r - 20v Suffrages Antiphona Michael princeps bone. Fols. 16r-v, 19r-v, and 47r: Suffrage for St. Anne, headed on fol. 19r, "De sancta anna matre virginis marie."; fols. 20r-v and 56r-v: Suffrage for Elizabeth of Hungary, headed on fol. 20r, "Oratio de sancta elysabeth."; fols. 27r-v and 37r-v: Suffrage for St. Michael, headed on fol. 27r, "Michael princeps bone."; fols. 37r, 38r-v, and 52r-v: Suffrage for St. John the Baptist, headed on fol. 37v, "De sancto Johanne babtista commemoratio."; fols. 43r, 52v, and 53r-v: Suffrage for St. Andrew, headed on fol. 53r, "De sancto andrea apostolo."; fols. 43v and 44r-v: Suffrage for St. Sebastian, headed on fol. 44r, "De sancto sebastiano."; fols. 45r and 55r-v: Suffrage for St. Christopher, including ".N." for name of suppliant, end of antiphon missing after fol. 55v, text completed on fol. 45r, headed on fol. 45r, "Sancte christophore martyr dei preciose rogo te per nomen xristi"; fols. 45v-46v and 58r-v: Suffrage for St. Jerome, headed on fol. 46r, "De sancto hieronimo."; fols. 58v and 49r: Suffrage for St. Anthony, headed on fol. 49r, "De sancto Anthonio."; fols. 49v: Suffrage for St. Rochus, text missing, maybe ending on fol. 19r; fols. 47v, 48r-v, and 54r: Suffrage for St. Catherine, headed on fol. 48r, "De sancta catharina." fols. 54v: Suffrage for St. Mary Magdalene, text image, miniature extant; fols. 41r-v and 56r: Suffrage for St. Margaret, headed on fol. 41r, "De sancta margareta." 14r - 14v 42r - 42v 21r - 23v 24r - 24v 39r - 39v 25r - 25v 13r - 13v 28r - 29v 31r - 36v 51r - 51v 18r - 18V 57r - 57v Devotional texts Peccata mea que si volo abscondere non possum tibi domine. Fols. 14r-v, 42r-v, and 21r-23r: prayer beginning imperfectly, similar to "O intemerata": "peccata mea que si volo abscondere non possum tibi domine."; fols. 23r-v, 24r-v, and 39r-v: Seven Verses of St. Gregory, ending imperfectly, promising 14,000 years of indulgence granted by St. Gregory for penitent when confessed kneeling before the saint on fol. 23v; fols. 25v, 13r-v, and 28r-29v: first of two prayers to St. Augustine, headed "Oratio sancti augustini a spiritu sancto ut dicitur sibi revelata"; fols. 29v, 31r-36v, and 51r-v: second of two prayers to St. Augustine, to be recited while on one's knees for thirty-three days, suppliant specified as ".N." on fols. 31v, 32v, and 51v, text beginning on fol. 31r and ending imperfectly on fol. 51v; fol. 30r: end of unidentified prayer: "Sancti spiritus assit nobis gratia Amen. Dulce nomen domini ihesu xristi et gloriosissime virginis marie matris eius..."; fol. 18r-v: Seven Joys of the Virgin, rhyming and incomplete, headed "Septem gaudia beate marie virginis."; fol. 57r: end of an unidentified prayer, headed "tuum. qui tecum viuit et regnat in unitate spiritus" Devotional texts misbound and incomplete throughout book

Carefully selected and prepared medium-weight parchment; fols. 1-12 edged with nineteenth-century parchment

 Foliation: iv+58+iv9.0 6.5 5.5 3.9 Modern pencil foliation, upper right corners rectos

Collation cannot be completed due to entire manuscript consisting of single folios

Ruled in rose ink Written in littera gotica rotunda Labors of the month illustrated on rectos of every folio in calendar Full-page miniatures on fols. 17v, 15v, 40v, and 50v Full-page miniature on fol. 26v Full-page miniatures on fols. 19v, 38r, 43v, 45v, 47v, 49v, 54v, 56v, and 57v; large miniatures on fols. 27r, 53r, and 55r Miniatures on fols. 23v, 13r, 30v, and 57v Twenty-one extant miniatures (fourteen full-page miniatures, seven large miniatures, all misbound singletons); twenty-four calendar illustrations, each with zodiac symbol in roundel; decorated initials at text openings opposite full-page miniatures (4 lines), at text openings opposite large miniatures (3 lines), at secondary text divisions and "K L" in calendar (2 lines), and at versals and dominical letters "A" in calendar (1 line); rubrics in red; text in brown and black ink Binding by Léon Gruel with enamel plaque of Christ Binding (upper board)

Binding and enamel plaque are nineteenth-century creations. Plaque is copy of seventeenth-century medallion attributed to Jean Limosin.

 Interior eating scene with marginalia Aquarius Calendar: January Calendar illustration Two men chopping wood with marginalia Pisces Calendar: February Calendar illustration Three men doing yardwork with marginalia Aries Calendar: March Calendar illustration Lady with rosary talking to maid in garden with marginalia Taurus Calendar: April Calendar illustration Lady on white horse with two youths with marginalia Gemini Calendar: May Calendar illustration Three figures farming with marginalia Cancer Calendar: June Calendar illustration Two men reaping with sickles with marginalia Leo Calendar: July Calendar illustration Two men in barn with calendar illustration Virgo Calendar: August Calendar illustration Man plowing with marginalia Libra Calendar: September Calendar illustration Two men crushing grapes with marginalia Scorpio Calendar: October Calendar illustration Man and woman slaughtering pig with marginalia Sagittarius Calendar: November Calendar illustration Snowball fight with marginalia Capricorn Calendar: December Calendar illustration Mass of St. Gregory Devotional texts Miniature Monogram "H M" of original owner Monogram Annunciation to one shepherd Hours of the Virgin: Prime Full-page miniature Visitation Hours of the Virgin: Lauds Full-page miniature St. Anne enthroned with Mary lactans Suffrages: Suffrage to St. Anne Full-page miniature Mass of St. Gregory Devotional texts: Seven Verses of St. Gregory Full-page miniature Emblematic design: sheaf of wheat within laurel wreath Full-page miniature

Added early

 David penitent Seven Penitential Psalms (fragment) Full-page miniature St. Michael defeating the Devil Suffrages: Suffrage to St. Michael Full-page miniature Virgin mary bestowing milk upon St. Bernard Devotional texts Full-page miniature St. John the Baptist Suffrages: Suffrage to St. John the Baptist Miniature Annunciation to two shepherds Hours of the Virgin: Terce Full-page miniature St. Margaret issuing from dragon Large miniature St. Sebastian martyrred Suffrages: Suffrage to St. Sebastian Full-page miniature St. Jerome in penance Suffrages: Suffrage to St. Jerome Full-page miniature St. Catherine Suffrages: Suffrage to St. Catherine Full-page miniature St. Rochus healed by an angel Suffrages: Suffrage to St. Rochus Full-page miniature Flight into Egypt with falling idol in background Hours of the Virgin: Vespers Full-page miniature St. Andrew Suffrages: Suffrage to St. Andrew Miniature St. Mary Magdalene Suffrages: Suffrage to St. Mary Magdalene Full-page miniature St. Christopher carrying Christ on his shoulder Suffrages: Suffrage to St. Christopher Miniature St. Elizabeth of Hungary giving bread to a beggar Suffrages: Suffrage to St. Elizabeth of Hungary Full-page miniature God as Salvator Mundi Devotional texts: conclusion of unidentified prayer Full-page miniature Binding by Léon Gruel with enamel plaque of Virgin as Mater Dolorosa Binding (lower board)

Binding and enamel plaque are nineteenth-century creations. Plaque done in imitation of seventeenth-century style.

Rebound during the nineteenth century by Léon Gruel in Paris; black leather; modern sewing; sixteenth-century style designs on sides with red, brown, and green inlays framing gilded fillets; enamel oval plaques (3.5 x 2.6 cm) of Christ (upper board) and the Virgin (lower board) inlaid at center of upper and lower boards; spine rounded and backed, "GRUEL" in gold at tail-edge; modern endbands in blue, yellow, and red; modern gilded edges; two gold edge-pin fastenings and clasps at fore-edge

 Ca. 1520-30 CE Brussels (?) Created ca. 1520-30 by workshop influenced by the Master of Charles V in Brussels (?) for owner or owner-couple with the monogram "H M" on fol. 15r Inscription in lower margins on fols. 47v ("S. Catalina") and 54v ("Sancta Magdalen") indicate Spanish ownership, nineteenth century Léon Gruel, Paris bookbinder and seller, ca. 1850-75, rebound; "GRUEL" stamped in red capitals on front endleaf Peter Marié, New York City, 1903, his sale, lot 567, number written in pencil on front endleaf above entry "1100 [crossed out]/ 949/ Coat arms 56 1/2"; "hgx[?]" written in pencil on top right of last endleaf Henry Walters, Baltimore, purchased from George Richmond, New York City bookseller, between 1903 and 1931 Walters Art Museum, 1931, by Henry Walters' bequest Relevant Works De Ricci, Seymour, and W. J. Wilson. Census of Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts in the United States and Canada. Vol. 1. New York: H. W. Wilson Company, 1935; p. 807, cat. no. 313. Marrow, James H. "Book of Hours: In Latin (with some marginal inscriptions in Dutch), Southern Netherlands, 1544, NYPL MA 60." In The Splendor of the Word: Medieval and Renaissance Illuminated Manuscripts at the New York Public Library. Edited by Lucy Freeman Sandler, James H. Marrow, and Jonathan J. G. Alexander. Harvey Miller Publishers, 2005: 301-4; p. 304, ref. under cat. no. 67. Diringer, David. The Illuminated Book: Its History and Production. Revised edition. NY: Philosophical Library, 1967; p. 452, Pl. vii-33. Verdier, Philippe. Catalogue of the Painted Enamels of the Renaissance at the Walters Art Gallery. Baltimore: Trustees of the Walters Art Gallery, 1967; cat. no. 206, illus. (lower cover). Fox, Sally. The Medieval Woman: An Illuminated Book of Days. Boston: Bullfinch, 1985; illus. (f. 4). Owens, M. B. "Musical Subjects in the Illumination of Books of Hours from Fifteenth-Century France and Flanders." Ph.D. diss., University of Chicago, 1987; p. 470. Wieck, Roger S. Time Sanctified: The Book of Hours in Medieval Art and Life. Exhibition Catalogue. Baltimore, Walters Art Gallery. NY: George Braiziller, 1988; pp. 48-51, 218, cat. no. 105, fig. 15. Collins, Marie and Virginia Davis. A Medieval Book of Seasons. London: HarperCollins, 1991; p. 131 (illus.). Randall, Lilian M. C. Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts in the Walters Art Gallery. Vol. 2, France, 1420-1540. Baltimore and London: Johns Hopkins University Press in association with the Walters Art Gallery, 1992; p. 444 (ref. under cat. no. 192, W. 430). Gathercole, Patricia M. Animals in Medieval French Manuscript Illumination. Lewiston, NY: Edwin Mellen Press, 1995; p. 60. Hindman, Sandra. "Times to Remember." Rare Book Review 34 (2006): 40-44; p. 43. Randall, Lilian M. C. Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts in the Walters Art Gallery. Vol. 3, Belgium, 1250-1530. Baltimore and London: Johns Hopkins University Press in association with the Walters Art Gallery, 1997; pp. 531-39, cat. no. 297. Henisch, Bridget Ann. The Medieval Calendar Year. University Park, PA: The Pennsylvania State University Press, 1999; pp. 7 (as fig. 6-19), 66 (as fig. 3-7), 68 (fig. 3-7), 72 (as fig. 3-7), 76 (as fig. 3-7), 161 (as fig. 6-19), 162 (fig. 6-19), 163 (as fig. 6-19), 176 (as fig. 3-7). Wieck, Roger S. "Prayer for the People: The Book of Hours." In A History of Prayer: The First to the Fifteenth Century. Edited by Roy Hammerling, 389-440. Leiden: Brill Academic Publishers, 2008; p. 423 (fig. 4). Hammer, Gabriel. Bernhard von Clairvaux in der Buchmalerei: Darstellungen des Zisterzienserabtes in Handschriften von 1135-1630. Regensburg: Schnell und Steiner, 2009; p. 420. 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