Walters Ms. W.437, Aussem Hours Calendar Easter table Hours of the Virgin Seven Penitential Psalms Litany, petitions, invocations, and collects Hours of the Cross Prayers of St. Gregory Prayers on the Sufferings of Christ Prayers on the Virgin Mary, on God the Father, and on the Cross Prayers of the Sacred Sacrament Sunday Vespers and Compline Prayer to the Three Magi Prayer to St. Peter Prayer to St. Paul Prayer to St. Erasmus Prayer to St. Catherine Book of Hours Cataloger Herbert, Lynley Editor Herbert, Lynley Editor Noel, William Copy editor Dibble, Charles Contributor Bockrath, Diane Contributor Emery, Doug Contributor Hamburger, Jeffrey Contributor Noel, William Contributor Pizzinato, Riccardo Contributor Tabritha, Ariel Contributor Toth, Michael B. Conservator Owen, Linda Conservator Quandt, Abigail The Walters Art Museum

Licensed for use under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported Access Rights, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/legalcode. It is requested that copies of any published articles based on the information in this data set be sent to the curator of manuscripts, The Walters Art Museum, 600 North Charles Street, Baltimore MD 21201.

 This early sixteenth-century book of hours was made for the Aussem family in Cologne, Germany, a provenance proclaimed through family heraldry within the manuscript, as well as the arms of Cologne stamped on its original leather binding. Lavishly illuminated throughout with full-page miniatures and historiated initials, the manuscript is just as notable for the marginal decorations that surround the figurative scenes. Illusionistic jewelry, architecture, texts, flowers, and insects abound. Baltimore The Walters Art Museum W.437 The primary language in this manuscript is Latin. The secondary language of this manuscript is German, Middle High (ca.1050-1500). 6r - 110v Book of Hours 6r - 17v Calendar Januarius habet dies xxxi luna xxx nox habet horas xvi dies viii Calendar half-full; graded in red and black; it contains a large number of Cologne saints: Pantaleon Martyr (Jul. 27), Gereon (Oct. 10), Severinus, bishop of Cologne (Oct. 23), and Bishop Kunibert (Nov. 12) 18r - 18r Easter table In hac praesenti tabula Table begins with the year 1512 19v - 43v Hours of the Virgin Domine labia mea aperies Use of Cologne 44v - 52r Seven Penitential Psalms Domine ne in furore tuo 52r - 58r Litany, petitions, invocations, and collects Letania Kyrie eleyson Fol. 52r: litany; fols. 52r-56v: petitions and invocations; noteworthy Cologne saints: Severinus, Kunibert, and Heribert; fols. 57r-58r: collects 58r - 63r Hours of the Cross Incipiunt hore de sancta cruce et premit Iesus christus dominus noster 62v - 65v Prayers of St. Gregory Item alle die gene die da in dem stait der genaden synt ind myt gebouchde kneen nur die wapen ind luden unsers here iesu christi yn gedechtenisse syns hillige lydens bedent disse nae gestreuen ix gebeder mit ix pater noster ind ix ave maria berdeinent tzwei in nuntzich dusent iaer afflaitz ind lxxx dage Die daer tzosynt gegeuen van dem hillige pais sent gregorio ind van villen an deren paisen die nahem synt comen O here iesu christe Nine prayers; incipits: fol. 64r: O here Jesu Christe ich anbeden dich; fol. 64v: O here Iesu Christe ich anbeden dich; O here Iesu Christe ich bidden dich; O here Iesu Christe ich anbeden dich; O here Iesu Christe ich anbeden dich; fol. 65r: O here Iesu Christe ich anbeden dich; O here Iesu Christe goide hirde; Aller liefste here vader; fol. 65v: O here Iesus Christe levendige godes son 66v - 70r Prayers on the Sufferings of Christ 70r - 82r Prayers on the Virgin Mary, on God the Father, and on the Cross 82v - 94r Prayers of the Sacred Sacrament O lieue here Ihesu Criste 94v - 103r Sunday Vespers and Compline 103v - 105r Prayer to the Three Magi Text is in German, but inscription within marginal decoration is in Latin 105r - 106v Prayer to St. Peter Gebet van sent peter apostell O here sent Peter usserkoren apostell Christi 106v - 107r Prayer to St. Paul Van sent pauwel apostell O heiliger apostel paule 107r - 108r Prayer to St. Erasmus O helige Erasme mertler Christi 108r - 110v Prayer to St. Catherine Bys gegroet hillige ionfroub sent Katherin

Medium-weight, cream-colored parchment, well finished

 Foliation: 11916.5 12.1 8.5 6.1 Foliation in pencil, upper right margin; fols 1-4 and 111-119 are blank but ruled; fol. 5 is blank and unruled, but is integral to second quire with text

1(4), 2(8), 3(6), 4-15(8), 16(5) None None Quires begin on fols. 1, 5, 13, 19, 27, 35, 43, 51, 59, 67, 75, 83, 91, 99, 107, 115

 Ruled in red ink Late textura formata with secretary form of "S" Each month begins with large foliate "KL" (3 lines) Full-page miniature, fol. 19v; historiated initial, fol. 20r Full-page miniature, fol. 44v; historiated initial, fol. 45r Full-page miniature, fol. 58v; historiated initial, fol. 59r Full-page miniature, fol. 63v; historiated initial, fol. 64r Full-page miniature, fol. 66v; historiated initial, fol. 67r Full-page miniature, fol. 82v; decorated initial within matching foliate marginal illumination, fol. 83r Full-page miniature, fol. 94v; historiated initial, fol. 95r Full-page miniature, fol. 103v; decorated initial within matching marginal illumination, fol. 104r Full-page miniature, fol. 105v; decorated initial within matching foliate marginal illumination, fol. 106r Half-page miniature, fol. 107v Full-page miniature, fol. 108v; decorated initial within matching foliate marginal illumination, fol. 109r Ten full-page miniatures, one half-page miniature (8 lines), six historiated initials (7-13 lines); decorative borders, often gilded and including illusionistic depictions of jewels, flowers, and architecture, around all full-page miniatures, and match across opening where they surround historiated or decorated initials at opening of text; decorated initials of all sizes throughout (1-8 lines), usually in gold against blue, pink, or green ground; calendar undecorated except for initials; rubrics in red, text in black ink Annunciation, with flowers and insects in margins Hours of the Virgin Full-page miniature

The inscription in the image reads: "Ave gratia plena"

 Visitation, with flowers and insects in margins Hours of the Virgin Historiated initial "D," 13 lines David sees Bathsheba bathing; David sends her husband Uriah into battle, with illusionistic architecture in margins Seven Penitential Psalms Full-page miniature David kneeling, with illusionistic architecture in margins Seven Penitential Psalms Historiated initial "D," 13 lines Crucifixion with Mary, John, and a donor with Aussem coat of arms, with gold and floral margins Hours of the Cross Full-page miniature Pontius Pilate presents the scourged Christ to the crowd, with gold and floral margins Hours of the Cross Historiated initial "P," 13 lines

The inscription in the image reads: "Ecce homo"

 Mass of St. Gregory, with illusionistic jewelry in margins Prayers of St. Gregory Full-page miniature Mocking of Christ, with illusionistic jewelry in margins Prayers of St. Gregory Historiated initial "O," 13 lines Christ carrying the Cross, with illusionistic architecture in margins Prayers on the Sufferings of Christ Full-page miniature Entombment, with illusionistic architecture in margins Prayers on the Sufferings of Christ Historiated initial "E," 8 lines Celebration of mass with Aussem family member receiving communion, with flowers and hybrid creatures in margins Prayer of the Sacred Sacrament Full-page miniature Foliate initial "O" with flowers and hybrid creatures in margins Prayer of the Sacred Sacrament Decorated initial "O," 7 lines Risen Christ holding an orb Nine psalms Full-page miniature Coronation of the Virgin Psalm 109 Historiated initial "D," 13 lines Adoration of the Magi, with illusionistic text and jewels in margins Prayer to the Three Magi Full-page miniature

The inscription in the margin reads (across the opening): "Gloria i[n] excelcis deo et i[n] terra pax, hominibus bonae voluntatis. Veni creator spiritus or "Glory to God in the highest, and on Earth peace, goodwill to men. Come creator spirit"

 Foliate initial "A" with illusionistic text and jewels in margins Prayer to the Three Magi Decorative initial "A," 9 lines

The inscription in the margin reads (across the opening): "Gloria i[n] excelcis deo et i[n] terra pax, hominibus bonae voluntatis. Veni creator spiritus" or "Glory to God in the highest, and on Earth peace, goodwill to men. Come creator spirit"

 SS. Peter and Paul, with marginal flowers and insects Prayer to St. Peter Full-page miniature Foliate initial "O" with marginal flowers and insects Prayer to St. Peter Decorated initial "O," 8 lines Martyrdom of St. Erasmus Prayer to St. Erasmus Half-page miniature SS. Catherine and Barbara, with gold and floral marginal decoration Prayer to St. Catherine Full-page miniature Foliate initial "B," with gold and floral marginal decoration Prayer to St. Catherine Decorated initial "B," 8 lines

Germany, sixteenth century; brown leather over wooden boards with stamped designs of fleurs-de-lis, rosettes, unicorns, Cologne heraldry, St. Paul under an arch; holes visible where clasps (now missing) were originally attached

 Early 16th century CE Cologne, Germany Aussem family, Cologne, early sixteenth century; indications of ownership include coat of arms (fol. 58v) and kneeling donor (fol. 82v) Marshall C. Lefferts collection, New York, before 1901; ex-libris on front pastedown George H. Richmond collection, New York, acquired from Lefferts in 1901 (1901 checklist, p. 55) Henry Walters, Baltimore, acquired before 1931 Walters Art Museum, 1931, by Henry Walters' bequest Relevant Works De Ricci, Seymour. Census of Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts in the United States and Canada. Vol. 1. New York: H. W. Wilson Company, 1935, p. 811, cat. no. 337. The History of Bookbinding, 525-1950 A.D.: An Exhibition Held at the Baltimore Museum of Art, November 12, 1957, to January 12, 1958. Baltimore: The Walters Art Gallery, 1957, p. 64, cat. no. 150. Jewelry, Ancient to Modern. Baltimore: Walters Art Gallery, 1980, p. 164. Hudson, Deal W. "The Real Meaning of the Real Presence." Crisis Magazine 19 (June 2001): pp. 40-45 at p. 43 (fol. 93v). Art Medicine Museum Poetry Script Muhammad, the Prophet Kashmiri Horses Walters Art Museum Document Astrology Devotion History Legal Literature -- Poetry Literature -- Prose Liturgy Philosophy Science Science -- Medicine Scripture Sufism Theology Mineralogy Logic Geography Geomancy Cosmology Cartography Fortune-telling Koran Qur`an Firman Palimpsest Prayer Bible Gospels Psalter Missal Lectionary Book of Hours Antiphonary Homilary Processional Horologion Breviary Hymnal Chronicle Maghreb Sub-Saharan (West) Africa Turkey Afghanistan Central Asia Egypt England India Iran Iraq Pakistan Germany France Austria Netherlands Ethiopia Armenia Flanders Greece Mamluk Mughal Ottoman Ottonian Armenian Byzantine Abbasid Qajar Rajput Christian Arabic Austrian Dutch Egyptian Fatimid German Indian Islamic Persian Safavid Timurid Turkish Umayyad English French Flemish Ethiopian Carolingian Calligraphy Colophon Headpiece Illumination Illustration Medallion Miniature Ornament Painting Early Abbasid script Ragini Romanesque Gothic Watermark Grotesques Historiated initial Inhabited initial White-vine lettering Textura Batarda Humanistic Uncial Accordion book Album Book Codex Manuscript Heraldry Saint's Life Drawing Grisaille Binding New Abbasid style Musical notation Russia Romania Charter Russian Genealogy Mass book Prayer book Gospel Lectionary Psalter-Hours Treatise Grammar Gloss Pontifical Private devotional text Gradual Protective scroll Scroll 10th century 11th century 12th century 13th century 14th century 15th century 16th century 17th century 18th century 19th century 20th century 8th century 9th century Block book Caroline minuscule Central Arab lands (Near East) Chart English secretary hand Kufic Gothic book hand Original binding Treasure binding Gospel Book Spanish Spain Italian Italy Coptic Scrapbook American United States Maryland Historical Society Friendship book Friendship Biography Liturgical Devotional Scriptural Theological Legal Historical Scientific Scientific -- Medical Literary -- Prose Literary -- Poetry Philosophical Astrological Sufi English Book Christian Codex Illumination Walters Art Museum German Book of Hours Heraldry Manuscript Miniature Original binding Germany 16th century Devotion Binding Painting