Walters Ms. W.51, Bible Bible with prologues List of Hebrew names Bible Principal cataloger Noel, William Principal cataloger Smith, Kathryn Cataloger Walters Art Museum curatorial staff and researchers since 1934 Editor Herbert, Lynley Editor Noel, William Copy editor Dibble, Charles Contributor Bockrath, Diane Contributor Emery, Doug Contributor Noel, William Contributor Tabritha, Ariel Contributor Toth, Michael B. Conservator Owen, Linda Conservator Quandt, Abigail The Walters Art Museum

Licensed for use under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported Access Rights, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/legalcode. It is requested that copies of any published articles based on the information in this data set be sent to the curator of manuscripts, The Walters Art Museum, 600 North Charles Street, Baltimore MD 21201.

 This pocket-size Bible was created around the middle of the thirteenth century in England. It contains the Vulgate text of the Old and New Testaments, arranged in order and divided into chapters. Such Bibles, designed for individual rather than institutional use, began to be created on a large scale during the thirteenth century, especially in Paris. This manuscript is illuminated with a large number of small historiated initials, and also includes a somewhat later image of the Three Living and the Three Dead, a popular scene based on a French poem of the same century. Baltimore The Walters Art Museum W.51 The primary language in this manuscript is Latin. 1r - 532v Bible 1r - 519v Bible with prologues Frater Ambrosius tua mihi Fols. 1r-2v: images of the Three Living and the Three Dead (later addition); fols. 3r-6r: general prologue; fols. 6r-6v: prologue to the Pentateuch; fols. 6v-29v: Genesis; fols. 29v-48v: Exodus; fols. 48v-60v: Leviticus; fols. 61r-77v: Numbers; fols. 77v-93v: Deuteronomy; fols. 93v-104r: Joshua, with prologue; fols. 104v-116r: Judges; fols. 116r-117v: Ruth; fols. 117v-135r: I Kings, with prologue; fols. 135r-178r: II-IV Kings; fols. 178r-192r: I Chronicles, with two prologues; fols. 192r-208v: II Chronicles, with prayer of Manasses omitted; fols. 208v-213r: I Ezra, with prologue; fols. 213r-219v: II Ezra; fols. 219v-226v: III Ezra; fols. 226v-231r: Tobias, without prologue; fols. 231r-236v: Judith, without prologue; fols. 236v-242v: Esther, without prologue; fols. 242v-254r: Job, with prologue; fols. 254r-263r: Proverbs, with prologue; fols. 263r-266r: Ecclesiastes, without prologue; fols. 266r-267v: Song of Songs; fols. 267v-273v: Wisdom, without prologue; fols. 273v-290r: Ecclesiasticus, with introduction treated as prologue, but without prayer of Solomon; fols. 290r-310v: Isaiah, with prologue; fols. 310v-334v: Jeremiah, with prologue; fols. 334v-336v: Lamentations; fols. 336v-339v: Baruch, with prologue and letter of Jeremiah; fols. 339v-360v: Ezekiel, with prologue; fols. 360v-370r: Daniel, with two prologues; fols. 370r-373r: Hosea with prologue; fols. 373r-374r: Joel, with prologue; fols. 374r-376v: Amos, with prologue; fols. 376v-377v: Obadiah, with two prologues; fols. 377v-378v: Jonah, with prologue; fols. 378v-380v: Micah, with prologue; fols. 380v-381v: Nahum, with prologue; fols. 381v-382v: Habakkuk, with prologue; fols. 382v-383v: Zephaniah, with prologue; fols. 383v-384v: Haggai, with prologue; fols. 384v-388r: Zechariah, with prologue; fols. 388r-389r: Malachi, with prologue; fols. 389r-413v: I-II Maccabees, with prologue; fols. 413v-426v: Matthew, with prologue; fols. 426v-435r: Mark, with prologue; fols. 435r-450r: Luke, with first four verses as prologue; fols. 450r-461r: John, with prologue; fols. 461r-476r: Acts, with prologue; fols. fols. 476r-483r: Romans, with two prologues; fols. 483r-488v: I Corinthians, with prologue; fols. 488v-492r: II Corinthians, with prologue; fols. 492r-494r: Galatians, with prologue; fols. 494r-496r: Ephesians, with prologue; fols. 496r-497r: Philippians, with prologue; fols. 497r-498v: Colossians, with prologue; fols. 498v-499v: I Thessalonians, with prologue; fols. 499v-500r: II Thessalonians, with prologue; fols. 500r-501v: I Timothy, with prologue; fols. 501v-502v: II Timothy, with prologue; fols. 502v-503r: Titus, with prologue; fols. 503r-503v: Philemon, with prologue; fols. 503v-507r: Hebrews, with prologue; fols. 507r-513r: Catholic epistles, with prologue; fols. 513r-519v: Apocalypse, with prologue Thirty-nine of the sixty-four common prologues are included and several others added; the Psalms are omitted; Acts follows John 520r - 532v List of Hebrew names Aaron mons fortis A dictionary of Hebrew names, with a list of idols appended in the same hand

Very thin parchment, of high quality; flesh and hair sides clearly distinguishable

 Foliation: ii+532+ii14.5 9.5 10.5 7.0 Modern pencil foliation, top right corners, rectos

1(2), 2-15(16), 16(12), 17 (16,-1); 18-29(16), 30(18), 31(14), 32(18), 33-34(14), 35(10,-10) None None Quire 1, on thicker parchment, is a later insertion; quires begin on fols. 1(1), 3(2), 19(3), 35(4) 51(5), 67(6), 83(7), 99(8), 115(9), 131(10), 147(11), 163(12), 179(13), 195(14), 211(15), 227(16), 239(17), 254(18), 270(19), 286(20), 302(21), 318(22), 334(23), 350(24), 366(25), 382(26), 398(27), 414(28), 430(29), 446(30), 464(31), 478(32), 496(33), 510(34), 524(35)

 Two columns app. 3.4 cm wide (wider than in Bible because capitals extend beyond normal lines) with gap app. 0.2 cm wide; ruling in faint brown pen Two columns app. 3.25cm wide, with gap app. .5cm wide; ruling in faint brown pen Gothic textura by several different hands; characters just over 1 mm in height First letter of each section is decorated; first letter of each entry in blue or red (alternating); text in dark brown Historiated initials at beginnings of most books (5-14 lines); decorated initials (4-8 lines), sometimes with dragons or lions, at beginnings of prologues and some books; 2 line capitals at beginnings of chapters, in red and blue, with contrasting flourishes; running heads in alternating blue and red capitals; rubrics generally left blank, but in red for fols. 263r-339v; text in various shades, from light brown to black The Three Living Full-page miniature

Corresponds with the Three Dead on fol. 2r; both miniatures added after the book was composed, ca. 1290-1300

 The Three Dead Full-page miniature

Corresponds with the three living on fol. 1v; both miniatures added after the book was composed, ca. 1290-1300

 Frater Ambrosius General prologue Historiated initial "F," 7 lines Creation Genesis 1:1 Historiated initial "I" spanning the entire page

Eight scenes: God enthroned, day and night, earth and sea, plants, sun and moon, animals, Adam, Eve

 Pharoah and the midwives of Egypt Exodus 1:1 Historiated initial "H," 8 lines Moses and God in tabernacle Leviticus 1:1 Historiated initial "U," 9 lines God speaks to Moses in the desert Numbers 1:1 Historiated initial "L," 7 lines Moses speaks to the Israelites Deuteronomy 1:1 Historiated initial "H," 8 lines Initial with dragon Joshua 1:1 Inhabited initial "E," 8 lines God appears to the elders Judges 1:1 Historiated initial "P," 8 lines Hannah and Eli I Kings 1:1 Historiated initial "F," 8 lines David and the Amalekite II Kings 1:1 Historiated initial "F," 8 lines David with Abishag III Kings 1:1 Historiated initial "E," 7 lines Ahaziah falls from the window IV Kings 1:1 Historiated initial "P," 8 lines Tobit buries a body Tobias 1:1 Historiated initial "T," 7 lines Judith and Holofernes Judith 1:1 Historiated initial "A," 5 lines Job sits on dungheap Job 1:1 Historiated initial "U," 8 lines Solomon teaches youth Proverbs 1:1 Historiated initial "P," 6 lines Queen with child Song of Songs 1:1 Historiated initial "O," 6 lines Solomon with men Wisdom 1:1 Historiated initial "D," 6 lines God speaks to Isaiah Isaiah 1:1 Historiated initial "U," 6 lines God speaks to Jeremiah Jeremiah 1:1 Historiated initial "U," 6 lines Ezekiel's vision Ezekiel 1:1 Historiated initial "E," 6 lines Daniel and the lions Daniel 1:1 Historiated initial "A," 6 lines God speaks to Hosea Hosea 1:1 Historiated initial "U," 6 lines Amos as shepherd Amos 1:1 Historiated initial "U," 5 lines Jonah and the whale Jonah 1:1 Historiated initial "E," 6 lines Micah addresses followers Micah 1:1 Historiated initial "U," 6 lines Knight on horseback I Maccabees 1:1 Historiated initial "E," 6 lines Matthew writing Matthew 1:1 Historiated initial "L," 6 lines Lion and cub Prologue to Mark Historiated initial "M," 6 lines Sacrifice of ox Luke 1:5 Historiated initial "F," 6 lines St. John with eagle John 1:1 Historiated initial "I," 14 lines St. Luke writing, with marginal figure of St. John Acts 1:1 Historiated initial "P," 6 lines

The figure of St. John, who stands on an eagle and points toward a particular passage, is probably a later addition

 St. Paul writing Romans 1:1 Historiated initial "P," 6 lines Initial with lion; figure in margin Galatians 1:1 Inhabited initial "P," 6 lines St. Peter with key 1 Peter 1:1 Historiated initial "P," 5 lines St. John writing Apocalypse 1:1 Historiated initial "A," 6 lines

Eighteenth-century gilt red morocco, with tooled spine and title "Biblia Latina M.ss sur Velin;" gilt edges; marbled paper pastedowns

 Ca. 1260 CE; miniature additions ca. 1290-1300 CE England Created in England, ca. 1260 CE Ca. 1300, England, embellished with images of Three Lving and Three Dead (fols. 1v-2r), as well as various marginal illustrations Owned by "Mr. Hulinx Borum fro S. Moris," England, sixteenth-century (inscription fol. 1r) Seventeenth-century owner's notes in Latin (fol. 1r) France, eighteenth-century, rebound, with unidentified owner's bookplate on inner board: D + G with crown above, "Faire bien chercher mieux" Henry Walters, Baltimore, before 1931; by purchase from Léon Gruel, Paris Walters Art Museum, 1931, by Henry Walters' bequest Relevant Works De Ricci, Seymour, and W.J. Wilson. Census of Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts in the United States and Canada. 2 vols. New York: H. W. Wilson Company, 1935, p. 76, no. 46. Walters Art Gallery. Illuminated Books of the Middle Ages and Renaissance. Baltimore: Trustees of the Walters Art Gallery, 1949, no. 45. Diringer, David. The Illuminated Book, Its History and Production. New York: Philosophical Library, 1958, p. 384. Walters Art Gallery. 2,000 Years of Calligraphy. Totowa, NJ: Rowman and Littlefield, 1965, no. 25. Daneu Lattanzi, Angela. Lineamenti di storia della miniatura in Sicilia. Florence: L.S. Olschki, 1966, pp. 102-103. Berkowitz, David. In Remembrance of Creation: Evolution of Art and Scholarship in the Medieval and Renaissance Bible. Waltham, MA: Brandeis University Press, 1968, p. 41, no. 70. Bologna, Ferdinando. I pittori alla corte angioina di Napoli, 1266-1414, e un riesame dell’arte nell’età fridericiana. Rome: U. Bozzi, 1969, pl. I-22. Sandler, Lucy Freeman. The Psalter of Robert de Lisle in the British Library. New York: Oxford University Press, 1983. Sandler, Lucy Freeman. Gothic Manuscripts, 1285-1385. 2 vols. New York: Oxford University Press, 1986, p. 73, no. 18. Chihaia, Pavel. Immortalité et Décomposition dans l’art du Moyen Age. Madrid: Fondation Culturelle Roumaine, 1988, fig. 12, fols. 1-2. Ormrod, W.M, and Phillip Lindley, eds. The Black Death in England, 1348-1500. Stamford, CT: Paul Watkins, 1996, fol. 2. Art Medicine Museum Poetry Script Muhammad, the Prophet Kashmiri Horses Walters Art Museum Document Astrology Devotion History Legal Literature -- Poetry Literature -- Prose Liturgy Philosophy Science Science -- Medicine Scripture Sufism Theology Mineralogy Logic Geography Geomancy Cosmology Cartography Fortune-telling Koran Qur`an Firman Palimpsest Prayer Bible Gospels Psalter Missal Lectionary Book of Hours Antiphonary Homilary Processional Horologion Breviary Hymnal Chronicle Maghreb Sub-Saharan (West) Africa Turkey Afghanistan Central Asia Egypt England India Iran Iraq Pakistan Germany France Austria Netherlands Ethiopia Armenia Flanders Greece Mamluk Mughal Ottoman Ottonian Armenian Byzantine Abbasid Qajar Rajput Christian Arabic Austrian Dutch Egyptian Fatimid German Indian Islamic Persian Safavid Timurid Turkish Umayyad English French Flemish Ethiopian Carolingian Calligraphy Colophon Headpiece Illumination Illustration Medallion Miniature Ornament Painting Early Abbasid script Ragini Romanesque Gothic Watermark Grotesques Historiated initial Inhabited initial White-vine lettering Textura Batarda Humanistic Uncial Accordion book Album Book Codex Manuscript Heraldry Saint's Life Drawing Grisaille Binding New Abbasid style Musical notation Russia Romania Charter Russian Genealogy Mass book Prayer book Gospel Lectionary Psalter-Hours Treatise Grammar Gloss Pontifical Private devotional text Gradual Protective scroll Scroll 10th century 11th century 12th century 13th century 14th century 15th century 16th century 17th century 18th century 19th century 20th century 8th century 9th century Block book Caroline minuscule Central Arab lands (Near East) Chart English secretary hand Kufic Gothic book hand Original binding Treasure binding Gospel Book Spanish Spain Italian Italy Coptic Scrapbook American United States Maryland Historical Society Friendship book Friendship Biography Liturgical Devotional Scriptural Theological Legal Historical Scientific Scientific -- Medical Literary -- Prose Literary -- Poetry Philosophical Astrological Sufi English Bible Christian English Book Codex Illumination Miniature Walters Art Museum England 13th century Scripture