Walters Ms. W.636, Collection of poems (divan)Dīvān-i Ḥāfiẓديوان حافظḤāfiẓ, 14th cent.Shams al-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ al-Shīrāzīشمس الدين محمد حافظ الشيرازىAuthor dates preferred by cataloger: fl. 8th century AH / 14th CEscribeGhulām Muḥammadī maʿrūf bih Mullā Muḥammad Qāsim Hamadānīغلام محمدي معروف به ملا محمد قاسم همدانيMullā Muḥammad Qāsim HamadānīThe colophon on fol. 199a gives the name of the scribe as Mullā Abū al-Qāsim. It is not certain if he is the same as Mullā Muḥammad Qāsim.Principal catalogerGacek, AdamCatalogerLandau, AmyCatalogerSmith, SitaEditorBockrath, DianeContributorBarrera, ChristinaContributorEmery, DougContributorHerbert, LynleyContributorNoel, WilliamContributorSimpson, ShreveContributorTabritha, ArielContributorToth, Michael B.ContributorValle, ChiaraConservatorJewell, StephanieConservatorQuandt, AbigailThe Walters Art Museum

Licensed for use under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported Access Rights, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/legalcode. It is requested that copies of any published articles based on the information in this data set be sent to the curator of manuscripts, The Walters Art Museum, 600 North Charles Street, Baltimore MD 21201.

This is an illustrated and illuminated copy of the collection of poems (dīvān) by Shams al-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiz al-Shīrāzī (fl. eighth century AH / fourteenth CE), produced in India, possibly Kashmir. According to the colophon on fol. 231b, the text was completed by Mullā Muḥammad Qāsim Hamadānī on the 1st Shawwāl 1210 AH / 1796 CE. The codex opens with a double-page illuminated frontispiece (fols. 2b-3a) and is decorated throughout with square and rectangular panels as well as horizontal bands with floral decoration marking the end of odes, quatrains, or series of verses. There are forty-eight illustrations. The lacquer binding with central floral design is contemporary with the manuscript.BaltimoreThe Walters Art MuseumW.636The primary language in this manuscript is Arabic.fols. 2b - 231bDīvān-i Ḥāfiẓديوان حافظالا يا ايها الساقى ادر كاسا وناولها...scribeThere are two colophons (199a and 231b) fol. 199a: tammat al-kitāb /1/ bi-ʿawn Malik [sic] /2/ al-Wahhāb rāqimuhu faqīr /3/ ḥaqīr Mullā /4/ Abū al-Qāsim /5/ ghafara Allāh dhanbahu /6/ fol. 231b: tammat tamām shud Dīvānī /1/ Ḥaẓrat Khvājah Ḥāfiẓ Shīrāzī raḥmat Allāh ʿalayhi /2/ az dastkhaṭṭ-i /3/ aqall al-ʿibād Ghulām Muḥammadī maʿrūf bih Mullā Muḥammad Qāsim Hamadānī /4/ bi-tārīkh-i gurrat-i shahr-i Shawwāl al-muʿaẓẓam taḥrīr yāft sanat-i 1210 /5/Two colophons, the first in Arabic giving the name of the scribe as Mullā Abū al-Qāsim

Laid paper, probably Kashmiri

Foliation: ii+232+ii14.09.09.55.5

Written obliquely on versos

Framing lines in blue, orange, gold, and blackWritten in nastaʿlīq script (Indian hand)Forty-eight illustrations; double-page illuminated frontispiece; illuminated headpiece; square and rectangular pieces with floral motifs; framing lines in blue, orange, gold, and blackDouble-page illuminated frontispieceFrontispieceThis is the right side of a double-page illuminated frontispiece with the doxological formula (basmalah) inscribed in the cartouche. The palette is typical for illuminated manuscripts from Kashmir during this period.Double-page illuminated frontispieceFrontispieceThis is the left side of a double-page illuminated frontispiece with the doxological formula (basmalah) inscribed in the cartouche. The palette is typical for illuminated manuscripts from Kashmir during this period.The Prophet Muhammad (not depicted) ascends on BurāqIllustrationThe story of Joseph and ZulaykhāIllustrationThis scene illustrates the story of Joseph (Yūsuf) and Zulaykhā, although it is unlikely that Joseph is the person depicted here, as he is generally represented with a halo. It is possible that Potiphar (al-`Aziz) is shown here. The inscription is not clear.Comparison of famous couplesIllustrationThis illustration depicts three famous couples: Sultan Maḥmūd and Iyāz (top), Laylá and Majnūn (middle), and Farhād and Shīrīn (bottom).The famous couples Laylá and Majnūn and Farhād and ShīrīnIllustrationḤāfiẓ and his belovedIllustrationḤāfiẓ entertained by his friendsIllustrationḤāfiẓ telling the story of Shaykh ṢanʿānIllustrationḤāfiẓ talks of his passion to his belovedIllustrationJacob with Joseph and his brothersIllustrationKing Solomon and his courtiersIllustrationJoseph on the throneIllustrationThe caption to this illustration reads: taṣvīr-i Yūsuf.Ḥāfiẓ instructing an angel to kneel at the gate of a tavernIllustrationThe prophet Khiḍr safely guides the boat to shoreIllustrationMoses, holding a fiery rod, comes to meet his future wifeIllustrationḤāfiẓ at the court of Manṣūr ShāhIllustrationḤāfiẓ, his beloved, and the prophet KhiḍrIllustrationJacob, in the company of his sons, longs to hear news of JosephIllustrationThe beheading of Siyāvush on the order of AfrāsiyābIllustrationḤāfiẓ extolling the virtues of his kingIllustrationḤāfiẓ at a party with his friendsIllustrationLaylá visits Majnūn in the wildernessIllustrationKing Solomon and the hoopoe who brought news from Queen ShebaIllustrationḤāfiẓ delivers a message from Haẓrat Sulaymān permitting a drinking partyIllustrationḤāfiẓ and a tavern keeperIllustrationḤāfiẓ, like a fish, is saved by his beloved whose beauty shinesIllustrationThis illustration depicts the final verses on this page: "When my beloved takes the cup of wine, her beauty overshadows that of others. I have fallen into the sea like a fish; my beloved takes my hand and saves me."Laylá visits MajnūnIllustrationḤāfiẓ at the court of Sultan Ghiyās̱ al-DīnIllustrationḤāfiẓ reads a verse that disapproves of haughty peopleIllustrationḤāfiẓ complains about his beloved’s prideIllustrationSultan Maḥmūd and his servant IyāzIllustrationḤāfiẓ with a king, a policeman, a judge and a sufi, enjoying wineIllustrationKing Solomon seated on his throne carried by demonsIllustrationḤāfiẓ reciting verses on the habits of an elephant driverIllustrationḤāfiẓ recites verses in praise of a kingIllustrationḤāfiẓ talks of the Water of Life as being better than his poetryIllustrationA convivial gatheringIllustrationḤāfiẓ recites love poems for a beautiful girlIllustrationḤāfiẓ taken by the beauty of a young womanIllustrationḤāfiẓ recites complimentary verses to a kingIllustrationSultan Maḥmūd and his servant IyāzIllustrationThe caption to this illustration reads: taṣvīr-i Sulṭān Maḥmūd va-Iyāz.Alexander the Great, who never drank the Water of LifeIllustrationMajnūn in the company of LayláIllustrationAlexander the Great and the prophet KhiḍrIllustrationThe caption of this illustration reads: taṣvīr-i Iskandar Khiz̤r (thus).Kay Kāvus, Rustam, Jamshīd, and Kay QubādIllustrationThe caption to this illustration reads: taṣvīr-i Kāvus Rustam Jam va-Kay.King Solomon and his demons before Jacob and JosephIllustrationThe caption to this illustration reads: Sulaymān Yūsuf va-Yaʿqub.Khusraw and Shīrīn drinking wineIllustrationIlluminated headpieceHeadpieceAn inscription in the margin reads: tarkīb-band-i Ḥāfiẓ.Ḥāfiẓ recites complimentary verses for King ManṣūrIllustrationḤāfiẓ and Shāh Abū IsḥāqIllustrationThe inscription in the upper margin reads: tavārīkh (dates).

Lacquer binding (without flap); central panel filled with floral design; border with floral gold-painted motifs on a black ground

1st Shawwāl 1210 AH / 1796 CEIndia (Kashmir?)Note dated 18 Shawwāl 1315 AH / 1897 CE (fol. 233b)Walters Art Museum, 1931, by Henry Walters bequestRelevant WorksGacek, Adam. Persian Manuscripts in the Libraries of McGill University: Brief Union Catalogue. (Montreal: McGill University Libraries, 2005), no. 39.ArtMedicineMuseumPoetryScriptMuhammad, the ProphetKashmiriHorsesWalters Art MuseumBlockbookDocumentGeneologyAstrologyDevotionHistoryLegalLiterature -- PoetryLiterature -- ProseLiturgyPhilosophyScienceScience -- MedicineScriptureSufismTheologyMineralogyLogicGeographyGeomancyCosmologyCartographyFortune-tellingKoranQur`anFirmanPalimpsestPrayerBibleGospelsPsalterMissalLectionaryBook of HoursAntiphonaryPrayerbookHomilaryProcessionalHorologionBreviaryHymnalChroniclePsalter/HoursMaghrebSub-Saharan (West) AfricaTurkeyAfghanistanCentral Arab Lands (Near East)Central AsiaEgyptEnglandIndiaIranIraqPakistanGermanyFranceAustriaNetherlandsEthiopiaArmeniaFlandersGreeceMamlukMughalOttomanOttonianArmenianByzantineAbbasidQajarRajputChristianArabicAustrianDutchEgyptianFatimidGermanIndianIslamicPersianSafavidTimuridTurkishUmayyadEnglishFrenchFlemishEthiopianCarolingianCalligraphyChartsColophonHeadpieceIlluminationIllustrationMedallionMiniatureOrnamentPainting'Kufic'Early Abbasid scriptRaginiRomanesqueGothicWatermarkTreasure BindingGrotesquesHistoriated initialInhabited initialCarolingian MinusculeGothic Book handWhite-vine letteringEnglish secretaryTexturaBatardaHumanisticUncialAccordion bookAlbumBookCodexManuscriptHeraldrySaint's LifeDrawingGrisailleOriginal BindingBindingNew Abbasid stylecharter8th Century9th Century10th Century11th Century12th Century13th Century14th Century15th Century16th Century17th Century18th Century19th Century20th CenturyMusical notationRussiaRomaniaLiturgicalDevotionalScripturalTheologicalLegalHistoricalScientificScientific -- MedicalLiterary -- ProseLiterary -- PoetryPhilosophicalAstrologicalSufiEnglishBookCodexColophonFatimidIlluminationIllustrationIndiaIslamicManuscriptPersianWalters Art MuseumSufismLiterature -- PoetryOriginal Binding