Walters Ms. W.658, Book on navigationKitāb-i baḥriyeكتاب بحريه<note type="title" xml:id="n224.206313">Title inscribed by a later owner on fol. 1a as Pūrṭālān-i kabīr; wrongly identified on the tail edge as Jahān-numā (with old shelf mark 2004)</note>Pirî Reis, d. 1554?Pīrī Reʾīs bin Ḥājī Muḥammedپيري رئيس بن حاجي محمدAuthor's name given on fol. 376b as Raʾīs al-Baḥr Pīrī ibn Muḥammad; author dates preferred by cataloger: d. 962 AH / 1555 CEPrincipal catalogerGacek, AdamCatalogerLandau, AmyCatalogerSmith, SitaEditorBockrath, DianeContributorBarrera, ChristinaContributorEmery, DougContributorHerbert, LynleyContributorNoel, WilliamContributorSimpson, ShreveContributorTabritha, ArielContributorToth, Michael B.ContributorValle, ChiaraConservatorJewell, StephanieConservatorQuandt, AbigailThe Walters Art Museum

Licensed for use under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported Access Rights, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/legalcode. It is requested that copies of any published articles based on the information in this data set be sent to the curator of manuscripts, The Walters Art Museum, 600 North Charles Street, Baltimore MD 21201.

Originally composed in 932 AH / 1525 CE and dedicated to Sultan Süleyman I (the Magnificent), this great work by Piri Reis (d. 962 AH / 1555 CE) on navigation was later revised and expanded. The present manuscript, made mostly in the late eleventh century AH / seventeenth CE, is based on the later expanded version and has some 240 exquisitely executed maps and portolan charts. They include a world map with the outline of the Americas (fol. 41a) and maps of coastlines (bays, capes, peninsulas); islands; mountains; and cities of the Mediterranean basin and the Black Sea. The work starts with a description of the coastline of Anatolia and the islands of the Aegean Sea, the Peloponnese peninsula, and the eastern and western coasts of the Adriatic Sea. It then proceeds to describe the western shores of Italy, southern France, Spain, North Africa, Palestine, Israel, Lebanon, Syria, western Anatolia, various islands north of Crete, the Sea of Marmara, the Bosporus, and the Black Sea. It ends with a map of the shores of the Caspian Sea (fol. 374a).BaltimoreThe Walters Art MuseumW.658The primary language in this manuscript is Turkish, Ottoman (1500-1928).fols. 1b - 378aKitāb-i baḥriyeكتاب بحريه<note type="title" xml:id="n224.206364">Title inscribed by a later owner on fol. 1a as Pūrṭālān-i kabīr; wrongly identified on the tail edge as Jahān-numā (with old shelf mark 2004)</note>حمد بى حد وثناێ بى عد اول ستار العيوب وغفار الذنوب ...Main text preceded by a table of contents (fihrist) (fols. 1b-3b)

European laid paper, watermarked with lion courrant C (fol. 375) and trefoil with the letters P A (fol. 5)

Foliation: ii+378+ii34.024.023.513.5Original foliation of 361 folios, inscribed in the middle on the left side of the frame, shaved on the final few folios; marbled paper used for the first set of mounted flyleaves; contains a number of blank folios (fols. 24a, 31a, 31b, 40a, 370bisa-b, 373b, 374b, and 375a-b), most likely intended for charts

Written obliquely outside the frame on versos

Prose text arranged in one column, verses in two columnsWritten in clear, vocalized naskh script, mostly in black, with rubricated chapter headingsTwo hundred thirty-nine color maps and charts; illuminated headpiece; frame decorated in gold and colorsIncipit page with illuminated headpieceIncipit; headpieceOval map of the world with the Pacific Ocean in the centerIllustrationWestern hemisphere within a wind rose with the Atlantic Ocean in the centerIllustrationUpper Aegean Sea with the islands of Imbros and BozcaIllustrationThis map shows the upper Aegean Sea with the islands of Imbros (Imroz, Gökçeada) and Bozca (Tenedos).World map in a double hemisphereIllustrationOval world map with the Atlantic Ocean in the centerIllustrationIsland of Bozjah off the coast of AnatoliaIllustrationThis map shows the island of Bozjah (Tenedos) off the coast of Anatolia.Islands of Semendrek and Imroz in the Aegean SeaIllustrationThis map shows the islands of Semendrek (Samothraki) and Imroz (Imbros) in the Aegean Sea.Part of the European coastline with the islands of Semendrek and Imroz in the Aegean Sea further southIllustrationThis map shows part of the European coastline with the islands of Semendrek (Samothraki) and Imroz (Imbros, Gökçeada) in the Aegean Sea further south.Island of Lemnos, southwest of Imbroz in the Aegean SeaIllustrationThis map shows the island of Lemnos (Limnos, Limni, Īlmelī), southwest of Imbroz in the Aegean Sea.Area west of the island of Thasos and the Ayion Oros peninsulaIllustrationThis map shows the area west of the island of Thasos (Taşöz) and the Ayion Oros peninsula.Bay of SalonicaIllustrationThis map shows the Bay of Salonica (Selānīk, Thessaloniki).Bay of Salonica and the western coastlineIllustrationThis map shows the Bay of Salonica (Selānīk, Thessalonici) and the western coastline.Islands of Skyros and EuboeaIllustrationThis map shows the islands of Skyros (İskire) and Euboea (Evvoia, Aghrībūz, Eğriboz).Island of Midilli in the northeastern Aegean SeaIllustrationThis map shows the island of Midilli (Midillü, Mitylene, Lesvos) in the northeastern Aegean Sea.Sea of Marmara and the islands of the eastern Aegean Sea from Semendrek as far as ChiosIllustrationThis map shows the sea of Marmara and the islands of the eastern Aegean Sea from Semendrek (Samothraki) as far as Chios (Sakiz, Ṣāqiz).Coastline of the western Aegean Sea as far south as the Island of EuboeaIllustrationThis map shows the coastline of the western Aegean Sea as far south as the Island of Euboea (Evvoia, Aghrībūz, Eğriboz).Eastern Mediterranean, the Aegean, and the Black SeaIllustrationWestern Europe and North AfricaIllustrationAnatolian coastline around the Bay of Izmir with two Izmir fortressesIllustrationThis map shows the Anatolian coastline around the Bay of Izmir (Smyrna) with two Izmir fortresses.Island of Chios facing Kysos fortress on the Anatolian sideIllustrationThis map shows the island of Chios (Sakiz, Sāqiz) facing Kysos (Çeşme) fortress on the Anatolian side.Detail of the island of Chios with its fortress and other topographical featuresIllustrationThis map shows a detail of the island of Chios (Sakiz, Ṣāqiz) with its fortress and other topographical features.Island of Psara west of ChiosIllustrationThis map shows the island of Psara (İpṣara) west of Chios (Sakiz, Ṣāqiz).Anatolian coastline facing the island of SamosIllustrationThis map shows the Anatolian coastline facing the island of Samos (Ṣūṣām).Anatolian coastline facing the island of SamosIllustrationThis map shows the Anatolian coastline facing the island of Samos (Ṣūṣām).Island of SamosIllustrationThis map shows the island of Samos (Ṣūṣām).Two small islands off the coast of Anatolia south of Samos and east of the city of Balat on the Anatolian sideIllustrationThis map shows two small islands off the coast of Anatolia south of Samos (Ṣūṣām) and east of the city of Balat on the Anatolian side.Several islands of the eastern Aegean Sea including Leros and PatmosIllustrationThis map shows several islands of the eastern Aegean Sea including Leros (Līrūs) and Patmos (Bāṭnūz).Area between the islands of Ikaria and Samos in the eastern Aegean SeaIllustrationThis map shows the area between the islands of Ikaria (Ahikere) and Samos (Ṣūṣām) in the eastern Aegean Sea.Island of Ikaria in the eastern Aegean Sea west of SamosIllustrationThis map shows the island of Ikaria (Ahikere) in the eastern Aegean Sea west of Samos (Ṣūṣām).Island of Patmos southeast of Ikaria in the eastern Aegean SeaIllustrationThis map shows the island of Patmos (Bāṭnūz) southeast of Ikaria (Ahikere) in the eastern Aegean Sea.Island of Leros in the eastern Aegean SeaIllustrationThis map shows the island of Leros (Līryūs) in the eastern Aegean Sea.Island of Kalimnos south of Leros in the eastern Aegean SeaIllustrationThis map shows the island of Kalimnos (Kalimaz) south of Leros in the eastern Aegean Sea.Island of Cos facing the Anatolian mainlandIllustrationThis map shows the island of Cos (Stancho, İstanköy) facing the Anatolian mainland.Anatolian coastline and the small island of Kara east of the town of BalatIllustrationThis map shows the Anatolian coastline and the small island of Kara (Qarah) east of the town of Balat.Anatolian coastline along the Bay of KermeIllustrationAnatolian coastline facing the island of CosIllustrationThis map shows the Anatolian coastline facing the island of Cos (Stancho, İstanköy).Island of Cos off the Anatolian coast in the eastern Aegean SeaIllustrationThis map shows the island of Cos (Stancho, İstanköy) off the Anatolian coast in the eastern Aegean Sea.Bay of Kerme east of the island of CosIllustrationThis map shows the Bay of Kerme east of the island of Cos (Stancho, İstanköy).Island of Syme northwest of the island of RhodesIllustrationThis map shows the island of Syme (Sömbeki) northwest of the island of Rhodes (Rodos).Northeastern tip of the island of Rhodes facing the Anatolian coast with the island of SymeIllustrationThis map shows the northeastern tip of the island of Rhodes (Rodos, Rūdūs) facing the Anatolian coast with the island of Syme (Sömbeki).Islands of the Aegean Sea including Chios, Cos, Rhodes, and CreteIllustrationThis map shows the islands of the Aegean Sea including Chios (Sakiz), Cos (Stancho, İstanköy), Rhodes (Rodos), and Crete.Island of Rhodes (Rodos, Rudūs)IllustrationThis map shows the island of Rhodes (Rodos, Rudūs).Island of Chalkis off the island of RhodesIllustrationThis map shows the island of Chalkis (Herke) off the island of Rhodes.Island of Telos north of the island of Chalkis in the eastern Aegean SeaIllustrationThis map shows the island of Telos (Episkopi, İlyaki) north of the island of Chalkis (Herke) in the eastern Aegean Sea.Island of Nisyros south of the island of Cos in the eastern Aegean SeaIllustrationThis map shows the island of Nisyros (Inǧirlü) south of the island of Cos (Stancho, İstanköy) in the eastern Aegean Sea.Two small islands between Amorgos and Cos in the eastern Aegean SeaIllustrationThis map shows two small islands between Amorgos (Yamurgi) and Cos (Stancho, İstanköy) in the eastern Aegean Sea.Island of Amorgos in the southeastern Aegean SeaIllustrationThis map shows the island of Amorgos (Yamurgi, Yamorki) in the southeastern Aegean Sea.Small islands in the region of Naxos and Amorgos in the southeastern Aegean SeaIllustrationThis map shows small islands in the region of Naxos (Naḳşe) and Amorgos (Yamurgi) in the southeastern Aegean Sea.Island of Naxos in the southeastern Aegean SeaIllustrationThis map shows the island of Naxos (Naḳşe) in the southeastern Aegean Sea.Island of Paros in the Aegean SeaIllustrationThis map shows the island of Paros (Pare) in the Aegean Sea.Island of Syros in the Aegean SeaIllustrationThis map shows the island of Syros (Sire) in the Aegean Sea.Islands of Delos and Rineia west of Mykonos in the Aegean SeaIllustrationIsland of Mykonos in the Aegean SeaIllustrationIsland of Tinos in the Aegean SeaIllustrationThis map shows the island of Tinos (İstendil) in the Aegean Sea.Island of Andros in the northern Aegean SeaIllustrationThis map shows the island of Andros (Andre, Andra) in the northern Aegean Sea.Bay of Saronikos with the city of AthensIllustrationThis map shows the Bay of Saronikos (Atene) with the city of Athens.Bay of ArgolikosIllustrationThis map shows the Bay of Argolikos (Anaboli).Bay of Argolikos and the Peloponnese peninsulaIllustrationThis map shows the Bay of Argolikos (Anaboli) and the Peloponnese (Morea, Mora) peninsula.Stretch of water between the Peloponnese peninsula and the island of Crete with the island of KythiraIllustrationThis map shows the stretch of water between the Peloponnese (Morea, Mora) peninsula and the island of Crete with the island of Kythira (Cerigo, Ҫoka).Peloponnese peninsula with the island of Kythira and the Bay of LakonikosIllustrationThis map shows the Peloponnese (Morea, Mora) peninsula with the island of Kythira (Cerigo, Ҫoke) and the Bay of Lakonikos.Bay of MessiniakosIllustrationThis map shows the Bay of Messiniakos (Messini).Cyclades islands between the Peloponnese peninsula and CreteIllustrationThis map shows the Cyclades (Kikladhes) islands between the Peloponnese (Morea, Mora) peninsula and Crete.Islands of Zakynthos, Kefalonia, and Lefkada in the Ionian SeaIllustrationThis map shows the islands of Zakynthos (Zākīse), Kefalonia (Kefallinia, Kafālūnye), and Lefkada (Levkas, Leucas, Lefqe) in the Ionian Sea.Methana (Mutūn) fortress in the Bay of SaronikosIllustrationThis map shows the Methana (Mutūn) fortress in the Bay of Saronikos (Aiyina).Bay of SaronikosIllustrationThis map shows the Bay of Saronikos (Aiyina).Eastern part of the Peloponnese (Morea, Mora) peninsulaIllustrationThis map shows the eastern part of the Peloponnese (Morea, Mora) peninsula.Western part of the Peloponnese peninsula opposite the island of Zakynthos (Zante, Zākīse)IllustrationThis map shows the western part of the Peloponnese (Morea, Mora) peninsula opposite the island of Zakynthos (Zante, Zākīse).Bay of CorinthIllustrationIslands of Kefalonia, Ithaca, and Aya Mavra off the western coast of GreeceIllustrationThis map shows the islands of Kefalonia (Kefallinia, Kafālūnye), Ithaca (Ithaki, Seyākī), and Aya Mavra off the western coast of Greece.Western coast of Greece from the island of Levcas going north as far as the island of PaxiIllustrationThis map shows the western coast of Greece from the island of Levcas (Lefkada, Leucas, Santa Maura) going north as far as the island of Paxi (Paxoi).Area between the islands of Corfu and PaxiIllustrationThis map shows the area between the islands of Corfu (Kerkira, Kūrfūz) and Paxi (Paxoi).Islands of Corfu and PaxiIllustrationThis map shows the islands of Corfu (Kerkira, Kūrfūz) and Paxi (Paxoi).Adriatic coastline around Karaburun and VloraIllustrationThis map shows the Adriatic coastline around Karaburun and Vlora (Valona).Adriatic coastline from Drač north of Karaburun as far as BudvaIllustrationThis map shows the Adriatic coastline from Drač (Durezzo, Trāj) north of Karaburun as far as Budva.Adriatic coastline from Budva to DubrovnikIllustrationThis map shows the Adriatic coastline from Budva to Dubrovnik (Dūbre Venedīk).Adriatic coastline north from DubrovnikIllustrationIsland of Mljet off DubrovnikIllustrationThis map shows the island of Mljet (Mīlede) off Dubrovnik.Dalmatian islands of Korčula and Lastovo off the coast between Dubrovnik and SplitIllustrationThis shows the Dalmatian islands of Korčula (Qūrsūlah) and Lastovo (Augusta) off the coast between Dubrovnik and Split.Two unnamed islands between Dubrovnik and SplitIllustrationThis map shows two unnamed islands between Dubrovnik and Split.Group of islands north of Korčula, probably Hvar and BračIllustrationThis map shows a group of islands north of Korčula (Qūrsūlah), probably Hvar and Brač.Coastline and islands between Šibenik and ZadarIllustrationThis map shows the coastline and islands between Šibenik and Zadar (Zādare).Coastline and islands off ZadarIllustrationThis map shows the coastline and islands off Zadar (Zādare).Small islands northwest of the island of PagIllustrationThis map shows small islands northwest of the island of Pag.Two as yet unidentified islands in the vicinity of the island of PagIllustrationThis map shows two as yet unidentified islands in the vicinity of the island of Pag.Island of RabIllustrationThis map shows the island of Rab (Arbe).Island of Premuda west of the island of PagIllustrationThis map shows the island of Premuda (Premūde Venedīk) west of the island of Pag.Islands of Pag and RabIllustrationThis map shows the islands of Pag (Pāghū) and Rab (Arbe).Island of KrkIllustrationThis map shows the island of Krk (Veglia, Vake Venedīk).Islands of Cres, Lošinj, and UnijeIllustrationThis map shows the islands of Cres (Cherso, Qārsū), Lošinj (Feghāle), and Unije.Island of Unije south of the island of LošinjIllustrationThis map shows the island of Unije (Uniye) south of the island of Lošinj (Feghāle).Coastline north of the Medulin fortressIllustrationThis map shows the coastline north of the Medulin fortress.Coastline from Medulin as far as PulaIllustrationCoastline from Pula to RovinjIllustrationThis map shows the coastline from Pula to Rovinj (Rūvinye).Coastline from Rovinj northIllustrationCoastline from Rovinj as far as the fortress of PorečIllustrationThis map shows the coastline from Rovinj as far as the fortress of Poreč (Parenzo, Brānse).Coastline from Poreč as far as Novi GradIllustrationThis map shows the coastline from Poreč (Parenzo, Brānse) as far as Novi Grad.Coastline from Novi Grad as far as UmagIllustrationThis map shows the coastline from Novi Grad as far as Umag (Umago, Ūmāghū).Coastline from Umag as far as PiranIllustrationThis map shows the coastline from Umag (Umago, Ūmāghū) as far as Piran (Pirānū).Coastline from Piran as far as IzolaIllustrationThis map shows the coastline from Piran (Pirānū) as far as Izola (Īzele).Coastline from Izola as far as KoperIllustrationThis map shows the coastline from Izola (Īzele) as far as Koper (Capodistria, Dishtriye).Coastline between the cities of Koper and MuggiaIllustrationThis map shows the coastline between the cities of Koper (Capodistria, Dishtriye) and Muggia (Milje, Mūye).Coastline from Muggia to TriesteIllustrationThis map shows the coastline from Muggia (Milje, Mūye) to Trieste (Rishtī).Fortress of TriesteIllustrationThis map shows the fortress of Trieste (Rishtī).Coastline from Marano to Caorle in the province of VeniceIllustrationThis map shows the coastline from Marano (Mūrān) to Caorle (Qāvarlī) in the province of Venice.Eastern part of the city of VeniceIllustrationThis map shows the eastern part of the city of Venice (Venedīk).Western part of the city of VeniceIllustrationThis map shows the western part of the city of Venice (Venedīk).The city of Ferrara with the six rivers flowing into the Gulf of VeniceIllustrationItalian coastline with the cities of Ravenna and CesenaIllustrationThis map shows the Italian coastline with the cities of Ravenna (Ruvenne) and Cesena (Sazīne).Italian coastline from Rimini south towards PesaroIllustrationItalian coastline from Pesaro southIllustrationThis map shows the Italian coastline from Pesaro (Pāzarū) south.Town of Urbino and surrounding areaIllustrationFortress of Ancona and surrounding areaIllustrationThis map shows the fortress of Ancona (Anqūnah) and the surrounding area.Fortresses and towns south of Ancona, including LoretoIllustrationItalian coastline south of Ancona including Tronto (?)IllustrationThis map shows the Italian coastline south of Ancona including Tronto (Padārantū) (?).Italian coastline south of Ancona as far as the town of PescaraIllustrationThis map shows the Italian coastline south of Ancona as far as the town of Pescara (Beshāre).Town of Lanciano and surrounding fortressesIllustrationThis map shows the town of Lanciano (Lansāne) and the surrounding fortresses.Towns of Vasto and Termoli on the Italian coastIllustrationItalian coastline between Termoli and PeschiciIllustrationItalian coastline around Peschici north of MafredoniaIllustrationItalian coastline from Mafredonia as far as BarlettaIllustrationItalian coastline from Barletta to TraniIllustrationItalian coastline from Trani as far as MolfettaIllustrationTown of Bari and surrounding areaIllustrationItalian coastline around Monopoli south of BariIllustrationThis map shows the Italian coastline around Monopoli (Mūnābūlū) south of Bari.Port of BrindisiIllustrationThis map shows the port of Brindisi (Parindīs).Italian coastline from Lecce to Gallipoli (toward the Gulf of Taranto)IllustrationThis map shows the Italian coastline from Lecce (Laj) to Gallipoli (Kelibūlī) (toward the Gulf of Taranto).Towns of Gallipoli and Nardo on the Italian coastIllustrationThis map shows the towns of Gallipoli (Kelibūlī) and Nardo on the Italian coast.Coastlines and islands of the Adriatic Sea (given here as the Gulf of Venice)IllustrationThis map shows the coastlines and islands of the Adriatic Sea (given here as the Gulf of Venice [Venedīk Kurfazi]).City of Taranto in the province of PugliaIllustrationThis map shows the city of Taranto (Tarānde) in the province of Puglia (Pūlye) (Western Italian coast).Eastern coastline of Calabria around RossanoIllustrationEastern coastline of Calabria with the towns of Crotone and CatanzaroIllustrationCalabrian coastline from Catanzaro to SiquillaceIllustrationSouthern part of the Calabrian peninsula and the straits of MessinaIllustrationThis map shows the southern part of the Calabrian peninsula and the straits of Messina (Mesīne).Northern coastline of Sicily (here called the island of Messina) from Milazzo to PalermoIllustrationThis map shows the northern coastline of Sicily (here called the island of Messina [Mesīne]) from Milazzo (Milasū) to Palermo.Island of SicilyIllustrationThis map shows the island of Sicily (Çiçilye).Island of MaltaIllustrationThis map shows the island of Malta (Māltah).Two small islands off the coast of SardiniaIllustrationThis map shows two small islands off the coast of Sardinia (Sardinye).Island of SardiniaIllustrationThis map shows the island of Sardinia (Sardinye).Island of CorsicaIllustrationThis map shows the island of Corsica (Qūrsūghah).Island of MinorcaIllustrationThis map shows the island of Minorca (Minārqū).Islands of Majorca and MinorcaIllustrationThis map shows the islands of Majorca (Miyārqū) and Minorca (Minārqū).Two islands off Majorca: Ibiza and FormenteraIllustrationThis map shows two islands off Majorca: Ibiza (Yūse) and Formentera.Straits of Messina and the western Italian coastlineIllustrationWestern Italian coastline as far as Naples and the island of IschiaIllustrationThis map shows the western Italian coastline as far as Naples (Pūlye Anāpūlīsī) and the island of Ischia (Ișqe).Western Italian coastline as far as the city of RomeIllustrationThis map shows the western Italian coastline as far as the city of Rome (Rūmah).Western Italian coastline as far as the city of PisaIllustrationThis map shows the western Italian coastline as far as the city of Pisa (Pīze).Western Italian coastline from Pisa to the French border, including the towns of Genoa and SavonaIllustrationThis map shows the western Italian coastline from Pisa to the French border, including the towns of Genoa (Jinūz) and Savona.French coastline from the Italian border as far as NiceIllustrationThis map shows the French coastline from the Italian border as far as Nice (Nīse).French coastline from Nice as far as ToulonIllustrationFrench coastline around MarseilleIllustrationThis map shows the French coastline around Marseille (Mārsilye).Coastline around NarbonneIllustrationThis map shows the coastline around Narbonne (Nārbūnah).Coastline of Catalonia with the ports of Barcellona and TarragonaIllustrationThis map shows the coastline of Catalonia with the ports of Barcellona (Bārselūniye) and Tarragona (Tūrratūnah).Coastline of Andalusia from Valencia to CartagenaIllustrationThis map shows the coastline of Andalusia from Valencia (Valense) to Cartagena (Qarte Cine).Coastline of Andalusia with the city of GrenadaIllustrationThis map shows the coastline of Andalusia with the city of Grenada (Gharnātah).Strait of Gibraltar with the cities of Gibraltar and CeutaIllustrationThis map shows the Strait of Gibraltar with the cities of Gibraltar (Jabal-i Fatḥ) and Ceuta (Sapte, Sabtah).Southern Spain and Morocco with the cities of Gibraltar, Ceuta, and TetouanIllustrationThis map shows southern Spain and Morocco with the cities of Gibraltar (Jabal-i Fatḥ), Ceuta (Sapte, Sabtah), and Tetouan (Titwān).Moroccan coastline from the city of Tetouan westIllustrationThis map shows the Moroccan coastline from the city of Tetouan (Titwān) west.Moroccan and Algerian coastline from Melilla northwest of TlemcenIllustrationThis map shows the Moroccan and Algerian coastline from Melilla (Malīlah) northwest of Tlemcen (Tilimsān).Algerian coastline around Oran and MostaganemIllustrationThis map shows the Algerian coastline around Oran (Wahrān) and Mostaganem (Mustaghānīm).Algerian coastline around MostaganemIllustrationThis map shows the Algerian coastline around Mostaganem.Algerian coastline around AlgiersIllustrationThis map shows the Algerian coastline around Algiers (Jazāʾir).Algerian coastline from Algiers to BejaiaIllustrationThis map shows the Algerian coastline from Algiers (Jazāʾir) to Bejaia (Bajāyah).Algerian coastline from the port of Bejaia as far as Annaba with the city of ConstantineIllustrationThis map shows the Algerian coastline from the port of Bejaia (Bajāyah) as far as Annaba (Balad al-ʿUnnāb) with the city of Constantine (Qūstantinīyah).Algerian and Tunisian coastline from Annaba to TabarkaIllustrationThis map shows the Algerian and Tunisian coastline from Annaba (Bilād al-ʿUnnāb) to Tabarka (Tabāraqah).Coastline of Tunisia with the ports of Bizerte and TunisIllustrationThis map shows the coastline of Tunisia with the ports of Bizerte (Binzert) and Tunis (Ṭūnūs).Tunisian coastline with the ports of Bizerte and Tunis as far as KelibiaIllustrationThis map shows the Tunisian coastline with the ports of Bizerte (Binzert) and Tunis (Ṭūnūs) as far as Kelibia (Qalabīyah).Tunisian coastline with the cities of Kelibia, Hammamet, Sousse, and MonastirIllustrationThis map shows the Tunisian coastline with the cities of Kelibia (Qalabīyah), Hammamet (Ḥammāmāt), Sousse (Ṣūṣah), and Monastir (Munṣaṭir).Tunisian coastline with the fortress of Mahdīyah and the island of JarbahIllustrationThis map shows the Tunisian coastline with the fortress of Mahdīyah and the island of Jarbah (Jerba).Coastline of TripoliIllustrationThis map shows the coastline of Tripoli (Ṭarābulus).Fortress of Tripoli and surrounding areaIllustrationThis map shows the fortress of Tripoli (Ṭarābulus-i Maghrib) and the surrounding area.Libyan coastline from Tripoli east toward EgyptIllustrationThis map shows the Libyan coastline from Tripoli east toward Egypt.Libyan coastline as far as BenghaziIllustrationLibyan coastline toward the Egyptian borderIllustrationLibyan coastline toward the Egyptian borderIllustrationLibyan coastline as far as SalūmIllustrationThis map shows the Libyan coastline as far as Salūm.Egyptian coastline from Salūm eastIllustrationEgyptian coastline from Matrūḥ east toward AlexandriaIllustrationCoastline of Alexandria showing a portion of the town itselfIllustrationThis map shows the coastline of Alexandria (Iskandarīyah) with a portion of the town itself.City of AlexandriaIllustrationThis map shows the city of Alexandria (Iskandarīyah).Egyptian coastline from Alexandria as far as the city of RosettaIllustrationThis map shows the Egyptian coastline from Alexandria (Iskandarīyah) as far as the city of Rosetta (Rashīd).The Nile River from its estuary southIllustrationCity of CairoIllustrationNile River estuary with the cities of Rosetta and Būrullūs on either sideIllustrationThis map shows the Nile River estuary with the cities of Rosetta (Rashid) and Būrullūs on either side.Nile River with various oases on either sideIllustrationTowns and oases along the Nile River, beginning with Būlāq south of CairoIllustrationCity of Damietta on the Egyptian coastIllustrationUnmarked part of the Egyptian coastlineIllustrationOases and villages along the Nile River as far as Sīdī MūsáIllustrationNile River with various oases on either side as far as Sīdī MaʿrūfIllustrationSyrian coastline and the cities of Gaza and Ramlah (present-day Gaza Strip)IllustrationThis map shows the Syrian coastline and the cities of Gaza (Ghazzah) and Ramlah (present-day Gaza Strip).Eastern Mediterranean coastline (here marked as the Gulf of Aqaba) with the cities of Jaffa and Caesarea (present-day Israel)IllustrationEastern Mediterranean coastline with the city of TyreIllustrationThis map shows the eastern Mediterranean coastline with the city of Tyre (Ṣūr).Eastern Mediterranean coastline as far as the city of BeirutIllustrationEastern Mediterranean coastline and the city of Tripoli (Ṭarābulus–i Shām)IllustrationThis map shows the eastern Mediterranean coastline and the city of Tripoli (Ṭarābulus–i Shām).City of Tripoli (Ṭarābulus–i Shām)IllustrationThis map shows the city of Tripoli (Ṭarābulus–i Shām).Eastern Mediterranean coastline from the island of Khātūn as far as Latakia (Lādhiqīyah)IllustrationThis map shows the eastern Mediterranean coastline from the island of Khātūn as far as Latakia (Lādhiqīyah).Eastern Mediterranean coastline (marked here as the coast of İskenderun) and the cities of Latakia and AntakyaIllustrationThis map shows the eastern Mediterranean coastline (marked here as the coast of İskenderun) and the cities of Latakia (Lādhiqīyah) and Antakya (ʿAnṭāqīyah).Anatolian coastline from the city of Alexandretta as far as the shores of Adana (Antioch in Cilicia)IllustrationThis map shows the Anatolian coastline from the city of Alexandretta (İskenderun) as far as the shores of Adana (Antioch in Cilicia).Anatolian coastline and the cities of Adana (Antioch in Cilicia) and TarsusIllustrationAnatolian coastline with the city of SilifkeIllustrationAnatolian coastline from Silfke to AnamurIllustrationAnatolian coastline around AnamurIllustrationAnatolian coastline as far as AlanyaIllustrationThis map shows the Anatolian coastline as far as Alanya (ʿAlāʾiye, Alaiye).Fortress of AlanyaIllustrationThis map shows the fortress of Alanya (ʿAlāʾiye, Alaiye).Anatolian coastline from Alanya to AndalyeIllustrationThis map shows the Anatolian coastline from Alanya (ʿAlāʾiye, Alaiye) to Andalye (Antalya, formerly known as Adalia or Attalia).Anatolian coastline from Alanya to AndalyeIllustrationThis map shows the Anatolian coastline from Alanya (ʿAlāʾiye, Alaiye) to Andalye (Antalya, formerly known as Adalia or Attalia).Island of CyprusIllustrationThis map shows the island of Cyprus (Qibrīz, Kıbrıs).Anatolian coastline east of FinikeIllustrationIslands off the coast of FinikeIllustrationUnidentified islands off the southern Anatolian coastIllustrationUnidentified islands off the southern Anatolian coastIllustrationUnidentified islands off the southern Anatolian coastIllustrationUnidentified islands off the southern Anatolian coastIllustrationUnidentified islands off the southern Anatolian coastIllustrationUnidentified islands off the southern Anatolian coastIllustrationIstanbul islandIllustrationThis map shows Istanbul island (Jazīrah-i Istānpūlīye).Islands of Karpathos and KasosIllustrationThis map shows the islands of Karpathos (Kerpe) and Kasos (Cūbān).Fragment of the island of CreteIllustrationIsland of CreteIllustrationIsland of Anafi east of TheraIllustrationThis map shows the island of Anafi (Anāfiyah) east of Thera (Thira).Islands of Santorini and Thera in the Aegean Sea north of CreteIllustrationThis map shows the islands of Santorini (Ṣāntūrūn) and Thera (Thira) in the Aegean Sea, north of Crete.Islands of Foleġandros and IosIllustrationThis map shows the islands of Foleġandros and Ios (İnyos, İnye).Islands of Foleġandros and MelosIllustrationThis map shows the islands of Foleġandros and Melos (Deġirmenlik).Island of MelosIllustrationThis map shows the island of Melos (Deġirmenlik).Island of SerofosIllustrationThis map shows the island of Serofos (Ḳoyunluǧa).Island of KythnosIllustrationThis map shows the island of Kythnos (Termia).Island of KeosIllustrationThis map shows the island of Keos (Kea, Murtat, Mürted).Island of SkyrosIllustrationThis map shows the island of Skyros (İskire).Aloneses and other islandsIllustrationThis map shows the island of Aloneses (Čamlığa) and other islands.Part of the coastline of the Sea of Marmara with the town of KavakIllustrationThis map shows part of the coastline of the Sea of Marmara with the town of Kavak (Qavāq).Island of Marmara in the Sea of MarmaraIllustrationIsland of Mīr ʿAlīIllustrationCity of ConstantinopleIllustrationThis map shows the city of Constantinople (Qusṭanṭinīyah).Coastline of the Black Sea from Istanbul to GeresunIllustrationCoastline of the Black SeaIllustrationCrimea, Sea of Azov, and mouth of the Dnieper RiverIllustrationThis map shows the Crimea (Qrīm), the Sea of Azov, and the mouth of the Dnieper River.Sea of Marmara, Bosporus Strait, and the Black SeaIllustrationCoastline of the Black SeaIllustrationCaspian SeaIllustrationThis map shows the Caspian Sea (Baḥr-i Khazar).

Later binding, slightly too large for the textblock (with flap); central panel and side panels richly decorated and brushed with gold; dentelle-style doublures of red leather with a central lobed oval and cornerpieces with filigree work

Late 11th century AH / 17th CE -- early 12th century AH / 18th CETurkeyName: Aḥmad Afandī (fol. 4a)Name: ʿAlī Afandī (fol. 4a)Name: Sayyid ʿAlī Qapūdān (fol. 1a)Bequest (waqf) seal of Sultan Maḥmūd Khān, followed by a bequest statement (now erased) and the seal of the inspector of wakfs, Muṣṭafá Ṭāhir (fol. 4a)Walters Art Museum, 1931, by Henry Walters bequestRelevant WorksGoodrich, Thomas D. "Supplemental Maps in the Kitab-i Bahriye of Piri Reis." Archivum Ottomanicum 13 (1993-94): 117-141.Soucek, Svatopluk. Piri Reis and Turkish Mapmaking after Columbus: The Khalili Portolan Atlas. London: Nour Foundation in association with Azimuth Editions and Oxford University Press, 1996.Loupis, Dimitris. “Ottoman Adaptations of Early Italian Isolarii.” Journal of the International Map Collectors’ Society 80 (2000): 15-23.Loupis, Dimitris. “Ottoman Nautical Charting and Miniature Painting: Technology and Aesthetics.” In M. Uğur Derman 65th Birthday Festschrift / 65 Yaş Armağanı, ed. İrvin Cemil Schick (İstanbul: Sabancı Üniversitesi, 2000), 369-397.Loupis, Dimitris. “Piri Reis’s Book on Navigation as a Geography Handbook: Ottoman Efforts to Produce an Atlas during the Reign of Sultan Mehmed IV (1648-1687).” The Portolan: Journal of the Washington Map Society 52 (2001-2002): 11-17.Hepworth, Paul. "Production and Date of the Walters' Kitab-i Bahriye." Journal of the Walters Art Museum 63 (2005): 73-80.ArtMedicineMuseumPoetryScriptMuhammad, the ProphetKashmiriHorsesWalters Art MuseumBlockbookDocumentGeneologyAstrologyDevotionHistoryLegalLiterature -- PoetryLiterature -- ProseLiturgyPhilosophyScienceScience -- MedicineScriptureSufismTheologyMineralogyLogicGeographyGeomancyCosmologyCartographyFortune-tellingKoranQur`anFirmanPalimpsestPrayerBibleGospelsPsalterMissalLectionaryBook of HoursAntiphonaryPrayerbookHomilaryProcessionalHorologionBreviaryHymnalChroniclePsalter/HoursMaghrebSub-Saharan (West) AfricaTurkeyAfghanistanCentral Arab Lands (Near East)Central AsiaEgyptEnglandIndiaIranIraqPakistanGermanyFranceAustriaNetherlandsEthiopiaArmeniaFlandersGreeceMamlukMughalOttomanOttonianArmenianByzantineAbbasidQajarRajputChristianArabicAustrianDutchEgyptianFatimidGermanIndianIslamicPersianSafavidTimuridTurkishUmayyadEnglishFrenchFlemishEthiopianCarolingianCalligraphyChartsColophonHeadpieceIlluminationIllustrationMedallionMiniatureOrnamentPainting'Kufic'Early Abbasid scriptRaginiRomanesqueGothicWatermarkTreasure BindingGrotesquesHistoriated initialInhabited initialCarolingian MinusculeGothic Book handWhite-vine letteringEnglish secretaryTexturaBatardaHumanisticUncialAccordion bookAlbumBookCodexManuscriptHeraldrySaint's LifeDrawingGrisailleOriginal BindingBindingNew Abbasid stylecharter8th Century9th Century10th Century11th Century12th Century13th Century14th Century15th Century16th Century17th Century18th Century19th Century20th CenturyMusical notationRussiaRomaniaLiturgicalDevotionalScripturalTheologicalLegalHistoricalScientificScientific -- MedicalLiterary -- ProseLiterary -- PoetryPhilosophicalAstrologicalSufiEnglishBookCodexHeadpieceHistoryIlluminationIllustrationIslamicManuscriptOrnamentOttomanPaintingScienceTurkeyTurkishWalters Art MuseumCartographyGeographyBinding