Walters Ms. W.66, Compendium of scientific works including Aristotle De Physicorum Letter of Emperor Frederick II De causis proprietatum elementorum De generatione et corruptione De sensu et sensato De sompno et vigilia De morte et vita, or De longitudine et brevitate vitae <note type="title" xml:id="n568.059698">The former title is given by the rubrics, the latter in headings</note> De differentia spiritus et animae De vegetalibus et plantis Epistola ad Alexandrum regem de custodia Gloss on Aristotle De anima De memoria De substantia orbis De motu cordis De meteora De sompno et vigilia and De intellectu Liber Rasis Works of Aristotle Aristotle Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, 1194-1250 Alfred, of Sareshel Alfredus Anglicus Aristippus, Henricus, fl. 1156-1162 Qusṭā ibn Lūqā, ca. 820-ca. 912 Costa ben Luca Nicolaus, of Damascus Joannes, Hispalensis, 12th cent William, of Moerbeke, ca. 1215-1286 Averroës, 1126-1198 Kindī, d. ca. 873 ysaac filii iacob alchindi Rāzī, Abū Bakr Muḥammad ibn Zakarīyā, 865?-925? Rasis Cataloger Walters Art Museum curatorial staff and researchers since 1934 Editor Herbert, Lynley Contributor Bockrath, Diane Contributor Emery, Doug Contributor Kauffman, Nicholas Contributor Tabritha, Ariel Conservator Owen, Linda Conservator Quandt, Abigail The Walters Art Museum

Licensed for use under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported Access Rights, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/legalcode. It is requested that copies of any published articles based on the information in this data set be sent to the curator of manuscripts, The Walters Art Museum, 600 North Charles Street, Baltimore MD 21201.

 This thirteenth-century scholar’s text appears to be a composite of various smaller booklets, written in a variety of different places and times; the script, layout, and even parchment type change drastically from one section to the next. It contains Latin translations of several scientific works of Aristotle, along with other works by a variety of authors. Those additional authors, who are primarily medieval and represent a wide range of scholars who engaged with Aristotle across both time and place, include Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor (1194-1250), Alfred of Sareshel (also known as Alfredus Anglicus, a 13th century English scholar), Henricus Aristippus (fl. 1156-1162), Qusṭā ibn Lūqā (ca. 820-912, known as Costa ben Luca), Nicolaus of Damascus (b. 64 BCE), Joannes Hispalensis (12th century), William of Moerbeke (ca. 1215-1286), Averroës (1126-1198), Kindī (d. ca. 873, and name written in text as ysaac filii iacob alchindi), and Rāzī, Abū Bakr Muḥammad ibn Zakarīyā (865?-925?). The majority of the texts, and the abundance of marginal notes and glosses that accompany them, were probably produced in England, France, or Spain, but the last folios and many of the notes seem to be of Italian origin, suggesting a text that was well traveled in addition to being well read. Baltimore The Walters Art Museum W.66 The primary language in this manuscript is Latin. 1r - 243v Works of Aristotle 1r - 72r De Physicorum Incipit liber physicorum Quoniam quidem intelligere et scire contigit circa Book 1 (fols. 1r-8v); book 2 (fols. 8v-16r); book 3 (fols. 16r-24v); book 4 (fols. 24v-34r); book 5 (fols. 39r-44v); book 6 (fols. 44v-55v); book 7 (fols. 55v-60r); book 8 (fols. 60v-72r) Many pages contain substantial glosses and annotations, which at one point have to be added on two inserted leaves (fols. 46r-47v) 72v - 72v Letter of Emperor Frederick II Fredericus Dei gratia Romanorum imperatorr semper Augustus 73r - 82v De causis proprietatum elementorum Postquam praemissus est sermo Though associated with Aristotle, this text is not actually by him 83r - 104v De generatione et corruptione De generatione et corruptione natura fiencium et corruptorum Translated by Henricus Aristippus and corrected by Alfredus Anglicus, as noted in note on fol. 83r; book 1 (fols. 83r-95v); book 2 (fols. 95v-104r) 105r - 113v De sensu et sensato Quoniam autem de anima secundum ipsam determinatum 113v - 123r De sompno et vigilia De sompno autem et vigilia Book 1 (fols. 113v-118r); book 2 (fols. 118r-123r) 123v - 125v De morte et vita, or De longitudine et brevitate vitae <note type="title" xml:id="n568.059809">The former title is given by the rubrics, the latter in headings</note> De eo autem quod est esse alia longe vite 125v - 132r De differentia spiritus et animae Interrogasti me de differentia spiritus et anime ut tibi scriberem 132r - 145r De vegetalibus et plantis Vita est in animalibus et plantis inventa Though often associated with Aristotle, this text is by Nicolaus of Damascus, and the translation by Alfredus Anglicus; no prologue; book 1 (fols. 132r-138r); book 2 (fols. 138r-145r) 145r - 147v Epistola ad Alexandrum regem de custodia Dominae T, gratia Dei Francorum Reginae Johannes Hyspalienesis Salutem Letter from John of Seville (the translator) to a queen "T" (fol. 145r-v); letter of Aristotle to Alexander the Great (fols. 145v-147v) This supposed letter of Aristotle's comes from a popular medieval text called Secretum Secretorum (Secret of Secrets) 148r - 151v Gloss on Aristotle Glosses and notes on various texts; unlike the glosses on fols. 46r-47v, which were pasted into the text, these are part of the original quire structure 152r - 182r De anima Bonorum honorabilium noticiam opinantes Book 1 (fols. 152r-158r); book 2 (fols. 158r-172r); book 3 (fols. 172r-182r) Substantial glosses and annotations in the margins 182r - 187r De memoria Reliquorum autem primum considerandum de memoria 187v - 192v De substantia orbis In primis intendimus perscriptari de rebus 193r - 200v De motu cordis Organum vitae et vegetabilitatis The text is incomplete, ending in mid-sentence 201r - 234v De meteora Postquam precessit rememoratio nostra de rebus naturalibus Book 1 (fols. 201r-205v), book 2 (fols. 205v-213r); book 3 (fols. 213r-222r); book 4 (fols. 222r-234v) Substantial glossing and annotation 235r - 241v De sompno et vigilia and De intellectu Tu cui Deus occultorum 241v - 243v Liber Rasis [Cre]ator excelsus et gloriosus prodire fecit rex ex privatione This exact text, which appears to be a medical treatise, is not known from other sources; at the end, repeated three times, is the phrase "Explicit lib' Rasis"

Of varying types, ranging from fine and smooth to thick and coarse, and from creamy white to yellow; the final folios (fols. 235-243) likely of Italian origin and thicker than the rest, with hair follicles visible

 Foliation: i+244+i19.2 14.5 11.0 6.7 Foliated in pencil on upper right rectos; numbered 1-243, with fol. 113 repeated (second noted as 113*)

1-5(8), 6(12,-4,-5), 7(10), 8(12), 9(10), 10(12), 11(10), 12-15(12), 16(8), 17(10), 18-19(14), 20(4,-2), 21-22(12), 23(10), 24(8), 25(2,-2) In pencil, on interior corner of first and last folio of each quire Catchwords visible on fols. 127v (partly) and 139v (wholly) Quires begin on fols. 1(1), 9(2), 17(3), 25(4), 33(5), 41(6), 51(7), 61(8), 73(9), 83(10), 95(11), 105(12), 116(13), 128(14), 140(15), 152(16), 160(17), 170(18), 184(19), 198(20), 201(21), 213(22), 225(23), 235(24), 243(25)

 This general layout applies to the majority of the texts, but many parts are slightly or wholly different, as follows: fols. 1r-32v (quires 1-4) ruled with 27 lines; fols. 46r-47v (singletons glued into a quire) have 54 lines and measure 13.5 x 10 cm; fol. 72v does not appear to be ruled, and is 12 cm wide; fols. 148r-151v are not ruled, and the size of the written surfaces is irregular; fols. 152r-159v (quire 16) have 35 lines and measure 14 x 8.5 cm; fols. 160r-187r have 22-27 lines, and measure 11.5 x 6.5 cm; fols. 187v-192v have 36 lines and measure 13.7 x 10 cm; fols. 193r-200v have 32-44 lines (lines become closer together towards the end of this section) and measure 13.5 x 10.3 cm; fols. 201r-234v have 27-31 lines, and measure 14 x 8 cm; fols. 235r-243v have 27-28 lines, and measure 12 x 7.5 cm Appears to be in the same hand that wrote the glosses to the De Physicorum (e.g. fols. 46r-47v) At beginning, a neat textura; by the end, a rather sloppy cursive; likely two or more different hands Perhaps the same hand as the glossator Italian rotunda, with standard Italian sign for "et" in the shape of the number 7 Textura, but smaller and lighter than in the previous part; last six lines in even smaller (1 mm) cursive A wide variety of different hands, most often in the form of a small (~1.5 mm), heavily abbreviated textura; glosses often in cursive The initial on fol. 108r has turquoise penwork that has been identified as characteristically English Occasional marginal illustrations (e.g. on fol. 14r); initials (2-5 lines) in red, blue, or both, often with contrasting penwork in a variety of styles; running heads in red and blue; paragraphs marked with red or red and blue, often added over brown ink; rubrics, where present, in red, often over brown ink; text in black or brown ink; frequent underlining in red Initial "Q" Decorated initial "Q" (4 lines) Marginalia Pen drawings

Early nineteenth-century (pre-1849, based on sticker on binding from Barrois collection); light brown calfskin with blind tooling, incl. floral border; title stamped and gilt on spine: "Liber physicorum/De anima/De sompno et vigilia/Ms. Sec. XII"; laid paper pastedowns

 13th century CE Italy, and England, France, or Spain Individual texts created variously in England, France, and/or Spain Italian additions, late thirteenth or early fourteenth century (notes and headings added in Italian hand) Ownership inscription (fol. 234v), largely erased, reads, "fratri Petri Tubardi..." (?), fourteenth-century(?) Joseph Barrois, France, mid-nineteenth century (no. 330 in his collection) Earl of Ashburnham, England, purchased in 1849 along with entire Barrois collection Julius Ichenhauser, London, purchased in 1901 at auction (cat. no. 18) Henry Walters, Baltimore, purchased shortly after 1901, probably directly from Ichenhauser Walters Art Museum, 1931, by Henry Walters' bequest Relevant Works De Ricci, Seymour. Census of Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts in the United States and Canada. Vol. 1. New York: H. W. Wilson Company, 1935, p. 829, no. 428. Lacombe, George. Aristoteles Latinus. Vol. 1. Rome: La Libreria dello stato, 1939, pp. 237-38, no. 3. Art Medicine Museum Poetry Script Muhammad, the Prophet Kashmiri Horses Walters Art Museum Document Astrology Devotion History Legal Literature -- Poetry Literature -- Prose Liturgy Philosophy Science Science -- Medicine Scripture Sufism Theology Mineralogy Logic Geography Geomancy Cosmology Cartography Fortune-telling Koran Qur`an Firman Palimpsest Prayer Bible Gospels Psalter Missal Lectionary Book of Hours Antiphonary Homilary Processional Horologion Breviary Hymnal Chronicle Maghreb Sub-Saharan (West) Africa Turkey Afghanistan Central Asia Egypt England India Iran Iraq Pakistan Germany France Austria Netherlands Ethiopia Armenia Flanders Greece Mamluk Mughal Ottoman Ottonian Armenian Byzantine Abbasid Qajar Rajput Christian Arabic Austrian Dutch Egyptian Fatimid German Indian Islamic Persian Safavid Timurid Turkish Umayyad English French Flemish Ethiopian Carolingian Calligraphy Colophon Headpiece Illumination Illustration Medallion Miniature Ornament Painting Early Abbasid script Ragini Romanesque Gothic Watermark Grotesques Historiated initial Inhabited initial White-vine lettering Textura Batarda Humanistic Uncial Accordion book Album Book Codex Manuscript Heraldry Saint's Life Drawing Grisaille New Abbasid style Musical notation Russia Romania Charter Russian Genealogy Mass book Prayer book Gospel Lectionary Psalter-Hours Treatise Grammar Gloss Pontifical Private devotional text Gradual Protective scroll Scroll 10th century 11th century 12th century 13th century 14th century 15th century 16th century 17th century 18th century 19th century 20th century 8th century 9th century Block book Caroline minuscule Central Arab lands (Near East) Chart English secretary hand Kufic Gothic book hand Original binding Treasure binding Gospel Book Spanish Spain Italian Italy Coptic Scrapbook American United States Maryland Historical Society Friendship book Friendship Biography Judaism Talmud Collection of Sermons Notable Notable binding Textbook Scholarly compendium Ancient Greece Ancient Rome Literature Japanese Japan Liturgical Devotional Scriptural Theological Legal Historical Scientific Scientific -- Medical Literary -- Prose Literary -- Poetry Philosophical Astrological Sufi English Spanish Book Manuscript Walters Art Museum 13th century Philosophy Science Spain Scholarly compendium Ancient Greece English French Italian Codex Humanistic England France Italy 14th century Gloss