Walters Ms. W.793, Henry of Huntingdon's Historia Anglorum Preface Prologue Historia Anglorum Register of Kings in Latin Register of Kings in Middle English Historia Anglorum <note type="title" xml:id="n351.014112">History of the English People</note> Henry, of Huntingdon, 1084?-1155 Principal cataloger Herbert, Lynley Principal cataloger Noel, William Principal cataloger Smith, Kathryn Cataloger Grollemond, Larisa Cataloger Walters Art Museum curatorial staff and researchers since 1934 Editor Dibble, Charles Editor Herbert, Lynley Editor Noel, William Copy editor Bockrath, Diane Contributor Bockrath, Diane Contributor Dutschke, Consuelo Contributor Emery, Doug Contributor Noel, William Contributor Tabritha, Ariel Contributor Toth, Michael B. Conservator Owen, Linda Conservator Quandt, Abigail The Walters Art Museum

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 Produced in the early thirteenth century, this manuscript is an important textual witness to the Historia Anglorum, the History of the English People, by Henry, archdeacon of Huntingdon. The first version of Henry of Huntingdon’s text had a terminal date of 1129, though there were four more updates containing events through 1135, 1138, 1148, and 1154. Walters W.793 represents the fourth version, covering the events from Britain’s first leaders up to 1148, in which the number of books was increased from eight to ten and three letters by the author were added. The text contains several colored foliate initials, though it is especially notable for its line drawing of King Stephen (d. 1154), grandson of William the Conqueror, and his earls before the Battle of Lincoln on February 2, 1141 (fol. 105r). It is closely related to British Library, Arundel Ms. 48, which is believed to have been the model from which Walters W.793 was copied. Both copies may have been based on a prototype extant during the lifetime of Henry of Blois (d. 1171). Of the approximately three dozen surviving manuscript copies of the Historia Anglorum, only eight predate W.793. It and Arundel 48 are the only known illustrated exemplars. Baltimore The Walters Art Museum W.793 The primary language in this manuscript is Latin. The secondary language of this manuscript is English, Middle (1100-1500). 1r - 107v Historia Anglorum <note type="title" xml:id="n351.014182">History of the English People</note> Incomplete; two leaves from quire VIII are absent (between fols. 73 and 74 and between fols. 75 and 76); text comprises a Preface (fol. 1r), Prologue addressed to Bishop Alexander of Lincoln (fols. 1v-2r), Book 1 (fols. 2r-13v), Book 2 (fols. 13v-23v), Book 3 (fols. 23v-37r), Book 4 (fols. 37r-47r), Book 5 (fols. 47r-57v), Book 6 (fols. 57v-68v), Book 7 (fols. 68v-77v), Book 8 (fols. 77v-93r), Book 9 (fols. 93r-102r), Book 10 (fols. 102r-107v), letters to Henry I (fol. 78v-86r), Warinus (fol. 86r-89v), and Walter, Archdeacon of Oxford (fol. 89v-93r); contemporary corrections and annotations in red or brown ink including two registers of English kings: one in the margins (fols. 106v-107v) and one added to the text block (fol. 107v); later corrections, annotations, and marginal pointing hand sketches in brown ink; main text probably copied from a manuscript containing the same text in the British Library (Arundel MS 48) 1r - 1r Preface In hoc volumine continentur historia anglorum noviter edita ab henrico huntendunensi archidiacono libri x Primus liber est de regno romanorum in britannia 1r - 2r Prologue Incipit hystoria anglorum edita a venerabili archidiacono huntendone henrico. Que quidem a primo adventu romanorum in angliam. qui in ea optinuerunt dominatum: usque ad tercium decimum annum regis stephani pro tenditur Cum in omni fere litterarum studio dulce laboris 2r - 107v Historia Anglorum De situ et statu britannie maioris in anglie Britannia igitur beatissima est Incomplete: missing parts of Book 7 (from "Misit autem rex in mare" to "Tenet igitur curiam suam," and from "confligens cepit comitem predictum" to "moiorem dums. Pipinus Karolini" 107v - 107v Register of Kings in Latin Register of English kings beginning with "Alfridus" and ending with Humfrey, Duke of Gloucester (d. 1477); appended to the final column of the original text 106v - 107r Register of Kings in Middle English Fifteenth-century marginal list in Middle English of the rulers of England, from Lud to Hubba, taken from the Brut chronicles (The Brute or The Chronicles of England, ed. Friedrich Brie, pt. I, Early English Text Society no. 131, 1906, pp. 30-100); identified as such by Charles F. Briggs

Medium-weight parchment with several imperfections, hair follicles visible; trimmed slightly with small losses to marginal commentary; endleaves covered in yellow embroidered silk

 Foliation: iii+107+iii28.8 20.0 22.2 15.0 Flyleaves modern; nineteenth-century trapezoidal parchment fragment pasted on second flyleaf; modern pencil foliation upper right corners, rectos

iii, 1-7(10), 8(10,-4,7), 9-10(10), 11(10,-10) Quire numbers in Roman numerals mark ends of gatherings, bottom center versos of last folios Catchwords present at ends of gatherings, lower left margins, versos Quires begin at fols. 1(1), 11(2), 21(3), 31(4), 41(5), 51(6), 61(7), 71(8), 79(9), 89(10), 99(11); a bifolium is missing in quire 8; the last leaf is cancelled

 Ruled in pale gray ink; some prickings visible at outer page edges Pre-Gothic bookhand; lists of kings in margins of fols. 106v-107v by different hands in late anglicana script Large initials (6 to 7 lines) at the beginning of major text divisions (Preface, Prologue, Books 1-3, 7, 8) in red, blue, and green ink filled with foliage and calligraphic flourishes ending in hairpin loops; red initials with green pen flourishes (2-3 lines); lower line text with decorative descenders (4 to 11 lines); brown ink drawing (fol. 105r); Nigel Morgan suggests that the artist of the line drawing is also responsible for a Bestiary, Cambridge, University Library Ms. Ii.4.26, and the Guthlac Roll, London, British Library Harley Ms. Roll Y.6. Decorated initial "P" Historia Anglorum, Preface Initial "P," 20 lines Decorated initial "C" Historia Anglorum, Preface Initial "C," 6 lines Decorated initial "B" Historia Anglorum, Book 1 Initial "B," 7 lines Decorated initial "T" Historia Anglorum, Book 2 initial "T," 6 lines Decorated initial "A" Historia Anglorum, Book 3 Initial "A," 7 lines Initial "I" Historia Anglorum, Book 4 Initial "I," 9 lines Initial "I" Historia Anglorum, Book 5 Initial "I," 28 lines Decorated initial "M" Historia Anglorum, Book 6 Initial "M," 7 lines Decorated initial "H" Historia Anglorum, Book 7 Initial "H," 12 lines Decorated initial "H" Historia Anglorum, Book 8 Initial "H," 11 lines Initial "D" Historia Anglorum, Book 9 Initial D, 2 lines Decorated initial "D" Historia Anglorum, Book 10 Initial "D," 3 lines King Stephen directs Baldwin FitzGilbert to address the army before the Battle of Lincoln Historia Anglorum, Book 10 Column line drawing This depicts an event more thoroughly recorded in Henry of Huntingdon's History than elsewhere, in which King Stephen, before the Battle of Lincoln in 1141, asks Baldwin FitzGilbert to address the troops because his own voice was too weak.

Nineteenth-century English binding, wooden boards covered with brown velvet edged with twentieth-century brown morocco; central embossed silver shield with Grosvenor garb and pierced sheet-silver corner guards and clasp hinge

 First half of the 13th century CE Winchester (?), England Thomas Dakcomb, Winchester priest and canon (1496-1572?): "liber domini Thome dakcomb 1548 pr[ecium]..." inscribed on fol. 1 (partly effaced) Probably Robert Grosvenor, Second Earl Grosvenor and first Marquis of Westminster (1767-1845): note attached to front pastedown dated September 1812 mentions "your Lordship's manuscript" and evidence of binding Nineteenth-century book-dealer note (?) attached to front flyleaf describing manuscript contents Sotheby's, sale of July 11, 1966, lot 227 Major John Roland Abbey (1894-1969); his bookplate on first flyleaf Sotheby's, sale of June 20, 1978, lot 2978 Walters Art Museum purchase, Dorothy Miner Memorial purchase, 1978 Relevant Works Henry of Huntingdon. Historia Anglorum: The History of the English People, ed. Diane E. Greenway. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1996. De Hamel, C. “Bestiary.” In P. Binski and S. Panayotova, eds., The Cambridge Illuminations: Ten Centuries of Book Production in the Medieval West. London: Harvey Miller, 2010, p. 310. Randall, L.M.C. “Dorothy Miner Memorial Purchase: Historia Anglorum by Henry of Huntingdon.” The Walters Art Gallery Bulletin 31, no. 1 (November 1978). Collard, J. “Henry I’s Dream in John of Worcester’s Chronicle (Oxford, Corpus Christi College, MS 157) and the Illustration of Twelfth-Century English Chronicles.” Journal of Medieval History 36 (2010): pp. 105-125, at pp. 115, 119-21. Morgan, N.J. Early Gothic Manuscripts (1): 1190-1250. A Survey of Manuscripts Illuminated in the British Isles, Volume 4, London: Harvey Miller, 1982, pp. 67, 138. Greenway, D.E. “Henry of Huntingdon and the Manuscripts of His Historia Anglorum.” In R. Allen Brown, ed., Anglo-Norman Studies IX: Proceedings of the Battle Conference, 1986, Woodbridge: Boydell Press, 1987, pp. 103-26, at p. 103 n.9 Kleinbauer, W.E. “Recent Major Acquisitions of Medieval Art by American Museums: Number Three.” Gesta 20, no. 2 (1981), p. 365. Art Medicine Museum Poetry Script Muhammad, the Prophet Kashmiri Horses Walters Art Museum Document Astrology Devotion History Legal Literature -- Poetry Literature -- Prose Liturgy Philosophy Science Science -- Medicine Scripture Sufism Theology Mineralogy Logic Geography Geomancy Cosmology Cartography Fortune-telling Koran Qur`an Firman Palimpsest Prayer Bible Gospels Psalter Missal Lectionary Book of Hours Antiphonary Homilary Processional Horologion Breviary Hymnal Chronicle Maghreb Sub-Saharan (West) Africa Turkey Afghanistan Central Asia Egypt England India Iran Iraq Pakistan Germany France Austria Netherlands Ethiopia Armenia Flanders Greece Mamluk Mughal Ottoman Ottonian Armenian Byzantine Abbasid Qajar Rajput Christian Arabic Austrian Dutch Egyptian Fatimid German Indian Islamic Persian Safavid Timurid Turkish Umayyad English French Flemish Ethiopian Carolingian Calligraphy Colophon Headpiece Illumination Illustration Medallion Miniature Ornament Painting Early Abbasid script Ragini Romanesque Gothic Watermark Grotesques Historiated initial Inhabited initial White-vine lettering Textura Batarda Humanistic Uncial Accordion book Album Book Codex Manuscript Heraldry Saint's Life Drawing Grisaille New Abbasid style Musical notation Russia Romania Charter Russian Genealogy Mass book Prayer book Gospel Lectionary Psalter-Hours Treatise Grammar Gloss Pontifical Private devotional text Gradual Protective scroll Scroll 10th century 11th century 12th century 13th century 14th century 15th century 16th century 17th century 18th century 19th century 20th century 8th century 9th century Block book Caroline minuscule Central Arab lands (Near East) Chart English secretary hand Kufic Gothic book hand Original binding Treasure binding Gospel Book Spanish Spain Italian Italy Coptic Scrapbook American United States Maryland Historical Society Friendship book Friendship Biography Judaism Talmud Collection of Sermons Notable Notable binding Liturgical Devotional Scriptural Theological Legal Historical Scientific Scientific -- Medical Literary -- Prose Literary -- Poetry Philosophical Astrological Sufi English Book England Chronicle Document English Codex Drawing Walters Art Museum 13th century History Christian Manuscript Illustration Miniature