Walters Ms. W.8, Mondsee Gospel Lectionary Temporale and Sanctorale Common of Saints Gospel readings for non-proper feriae Readings for votive masses Readings for the office of the dead Lectionary scribe Otloh, Monk of St. Emmeram, ca. 1010-ca. 1070 Cataloger Dutschke, Consuelo Cataloger Herbert, Lynley Cataloger Noel, William Cataloger Sciacca, Christine Cataloger Walters Art Museum curatorial staff and researchers since 1934 Editor Herbert, Lynley Editor Noel, William Copy editor Dibble, Charles Contributor Bockrath, Diane Contributor Davis, Lisa Fagin Contributor Emery, Doug Contributor Hamburger, Jeffrey Contributor Klemm, Elizabeth Contributor Noel, William Contributor Tabritha, Ariel Contributor Toth, Michael B. Conservator Owen, Linda Conservator Quandt, Abigail The Walters Art Museum

Licensed for use under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported Access Rights, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/legalcode. It is requested that copies of any published articles based on the information in this data set be sent to the curator of manuscripts, The Walters Art Museum, 600 North Charles Street, Baltimore MD 21201.

 This eleventh-century Gospel Lectionary was written in a clear Carolingian minuscule in Regensburg, Germany. Its remarkable treasure binding, which is original to the manuscript, is extremely fragile due to the Byzantine or Islamic silk that constitutes the spine; therefore it is not possible to image the entire manuscript. The cover, which alone has been photographed, is a rare survival and a rich example of Ottonian art. Bound in silver, the front cover displays an impressive mastery of filigree, segments of which have been gilded. A variety of textures and substances, including niello bosses in the corners, ivory plaques depicting the four Evangelists, gemstones (now lost), and a golden image of the Crucifixion beneath a polished rock crystal, give the cover an opulence rarely seen in medieval bookbinding. The back cover, necessarily flat to lie on the altar without damaging the decoration, consists of a sheet of hammered and gilded silver, engraved with an image of St. Michael slaying a dragon. This image has traditionally led to an association with the abbey of SS. Peter and Michael in Mondsee, Austria, but its more recent attribution to Otloh, a scribe active in Regensburg, suggests that it is more likely of German manufacture. Baltimore The Walters Art Museum W.8 The primary language in this manuscript is Latin. 1r - 228v Lectionary Gospel lections for the liturgical year, beginning with Christmas vigils; temporale and sanctorale have been combined; no unusual saints found in the sanctorale 1r - 208r Temporale and Sanctorale Sequentia sancti evangelii secundum Matheum. In illo tempore. Cum esset desponsa 208r - 220v Common of Saints 222r - 223v Gospel readings for non-proper feriae 223v - 225v Readings for votive masses 227r - 228v Readings for the office of the dead

Finely prepared parchment

 Foliation: i+228+i28.0 21.8 17.7 14.6 Modern pencil foliation, upper right corners, rectos

Cannot determine collation due to fragility of book None None

Stylus ruled Late Caroline minuscule; headings in majuscule; two hands evident, with change at fol. 95v: first hand believed to be scribe of Uta Codex, Munich, Clm 13601, and Vatican, Ottob. Lat. 74; second hand identified as Otloh of St. Emmeram Five foliate initials in gold and silver, bordered with red ink lines begin pericopes (2-7 lines); titles and first lines of other pericopes in red and black capitals; rubrics in red; text in black ink Rock crystal with crucifixion, and ivory evangelist portraits Original treasure binding

Original treasure binding; heavy wood boards; base silver used in all parts of cover; front cover decorated in silver filigree, with central cruciform panels of gilded filigree less refined in manufacture than those in silver; silver bosses with interlace designs in niello in corners, possibly replacements for lost gems; four stones also missing at ends of cruciform panels; four ivory plaques with Evangelists, three of which are original (Mark, in lower left corner, is a nineteenth-century replacement); wood of board has been recessed to receive central cabochon of polished rock crystal placed over an image of the Crucifixion drawn on gold foil, imitating the effect of gold glass, with the inscription "Mors Xri mors mortis erat tuus infere morsus" around the figure of Christ; spine has original Byzantine or Islamic silk both within, against the spine cords, as well as without, with two layers of tawed leather between; back cover has a sheet of gilded, hammered silver, engraved with an image of St. Michael trampling a dragon, and surrounded by the inscription "Velle quod est altum nichil est nisi velle ruinam. Hoc draco prostratus hoc monstrat celica virtus"; original presence of leather straps, no longer extant, evident from recesses in wood on back cover, possibly originally attached to pins on fore-edge of upper board, where corresponding pin holes are visible

 Second quarter of the 11th century CE Regensburg, Germany Created in Regensburg, Germany, in part by the scribe Otloh of St. Emmeram, who worked in Regensburg between ca. 1030-1050; lack of connection with Regensburg saints suggests that the manuscript was created for use elsewhere Traditionally connected to the monastery of Mondsee, although no strong evidence supports this; unknown date Jacques Rosenthal, Paris, Munich, early twentieth century; his catalog 1926, no. 40 Henry Walters, Baltimore, purchased from Rosenthal between 1926 and 1931 Walters Art Museum, 1931, by Henry Walters' bequest Relevant Works Walters Art Gallery. 4000 Years of Modern Art. Baltimore: Walters Art Gallery, 1953, p. 19, cat. no. 60. Goldschmidt, Adolph. Die Elfenbeinskulpturen. Berlin: Deutscher Verlag für Kunstwissenschaft. 1926 (repr. 1969), vol. 4, p. 58, no. 300, abb. 40, pl. LXXV. Steenbock, Frauke. "Kreuzförmige Typen frühmittelalterlicher Prachteinbände." Vol. I. Das erste Jahrtausend. Düsseldorf: L. Schwann. 1962-1963, pp. 495-513 at pp. 498, 505, and 507, abb. 6. Randall, Richard H. Medieval Ivories in the Walters Art Gallery (A Walters Art Gallery Picture Book). Baltimore: The Walters Art Gallery, 1969, no. 5. Walters Art Gallery. The History Of Bookbinding, 525-1950 A.D. Organized by the Walters Art Gallery and presented in cooperation with the Baltimore Museum of Art. Baltimore: The Trustees of the Walters Art Gallery, 1957, p. 8, pl. vii, no. 10. Fillitz, Hermann. Schatzkunst : die Goldschmiede- und Elfenbeinarbeiten aus österreichischen Schatzkammern des Hochmittelalters. Salzburg: Residenz Verlag, 1987, pp. 96-100. Walters Art Gallery, Baltimore. Ivory, the Sumptuous Art : Highlights from the Collection. Baltimore: The Walters Art Gallery, 1983, p. 23, fig. 21. Muthesius, Anna. "The Silk over the Spine of the Mondsee Gospel Lectionary." Journal of the Walters Art Gallery 37 (1978): pp. 50-73, figs. 1-3, 9-11. Gamber, Klaus. Codices Liturgici Latini Antiquiores. Vol. 2. Freiburg: Universitätsverlag, 1968, p. 464. Mütherich, Florentine, and Karl Dachs. Regensburger Buchmalerei: Von frühkarolingischer Zeit bis zum Ausgang des Mittelalters. Munich: Prestel-Verlag, 1987, p. 35, taf. 100. Brown, Michelle P., ed. In the Beginning: Bibles before the Year 1000. Washington, D.C.: Freer Gallery of Art and the Arthur M. Sackler Gallery, 2006, pp. 244, 309-310, cat. no. 74. Steenbock, Frauke. Der kirchliche Prachteinband im frühen Mittelalter: Von den Anfängen bis zum Beginn der Gotik. Berlin: Deutscher Verlag für Kunstwissenschaft, 1965, pp. 181-183, abb. 119, 120. Bagnoli, Martina. The Medieval World. Baltimore: The Walters Art Museum, 2011, pp. 59-60, 93, figs. 39, 72. Baltimore Museum of Art. 2,000 Years of Calligraphy: A Three-Part Exhibition. Totowa, NJ: Rowman & Littlefield. 1965, 1972, pp. 32, 35, no. 16. Randall, Richard H., ed. Masterpieces of Ivory from the Walters Art Gallery. New York: Hudson Hills Press, 1985, pp. 147, 172-173, pl. 67. The Walters Art Gallery. Liturgical Objects in the Walters Art Gallery. Baltimore: Walters Art Gallery, 1967, no. 3. Bibliotheca Medii Aevi Manuscripta. Catalog 83. Munich: Jacques Rosenthal, 1926, pp. 38-41, cat. no. 40, pls. IX, X. De Ricci, Seymour. Census of Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts in the United States and Canada. Vol. 1. New York: H. W. Wilson Company, 1935, pp. 768, 2290, no. 71. Rosen, David. "Photomacrographs as Aids in the Study of Decorative Arts." Journal of the Walters Art Gallery 15-16 (1952-1953): pp. 80-96, at pp. 86-92, figs. 5-12. Bagnoli, Martina, et al., eds. Treasures of Heaven: Saints, Relics, and Devotion in Medieval Europe. Baltimore: The Walters Art Museum, 2010, pp. 121-122, cat. no. 61, fig. 61. Cockx-Indestege, Elly, and Jan Storm van Leeuewen. Spespaneel en drakenstempel een terminologie voor de beschrijving van de versiering van de boekband. Nijmegen: Universiteitsbibliotheek, 2011, pp. 20, 92, fig. 50. Art Medicine Museum Poetry Script Muhammad, the Prophet Kashmiri Horses Walters Art Museum Document Astrology Devotion History Legal Literature -- Poetry Literature -- Prose Liturgy Philosophy Science Science -- Medicine Scripture Sufism Theology Mineralogy Logic Geography Geomancy Cosmology Cartography Fortune-telling Koran Qur`an Firman Palimpsest Prayer Bible Gospels Psalter Missal Lectionary Book of Hours Antiphonary Homilary Processional Horologion Breviary Hymnal Chronicle Maghreb Sub-Saharan (West) Africa Turkey Afghanistan Central Asia Egypt England India Iran Iraq Pakistan Germany France Austria Netherlands Ethiopia Armenia Flanders Greece Mamluk Mughal Ottoman Ottonian Armenian Byzantine Abbasid Qajar Rajput Christian Arabic Austrian Dutch Egyptian Fatimid German Indian Islamic Persian Safavid Timurid Turkish Umayyad English French Flemish Ethiopian Carolingian Calligraphy Colophon Headpiece Illumination Illustration Medallion Miniature Ornament Painting Early Abbasid script Ragini Romanesque Gothic Watermark Grotesques Historiated initial Inhabited initial White-vine lettering Textura Batarda Humanistic Uncial Accordion book Album Book Codex Manuscript Heraldry Saint's Life Drawing Grisaille New Abbasid style Musical notation Russia Romania Charter Russian Genealogy Mass book Prayer book Gospel Lectionary Psalter-Hours Treatise Grammar Gloss Pontifical Private devotional text Gradual Protective scroll Scroll 10th century 11th century 12th century 13th century 14th century 15th century 16th century 17th century 18th century 19th century 20th century 8th century 9th century Block book Caroline minuscule Central Arab lands (Near East) Chart English secretary hand Kufic Gothic book hand Original binding Treasure binding Gospel Book Spanish Spain Italian Italy Coptic Scrapbook American United States Maryland Historical Society Friendship book Friendship Biography Judaism Talmud Collection of Sermons Notable Notable binding Liturgical Devotional Scriptural Theological Legal Historical Scientific Scientific -- Medical Literary -- Prose Literary -- Poetry Philosophical Astrological Sufi English Gospel Lectionary Christian German Notable binding Book Manuscript Original binding Treasure binding Walters Art Museum Germany 11th century Liturgy Scripture Caroline minuscule Austria