Walters Ms. W.918, Book of Hours in Dutch Calendar Hours of the Virgin Long Hours of the Cross Long Hours of the Holy Spirit Hours of the Eternal Wisdom Seven Penitential Psalms and litany Office of the Dead Prayers and suffrages Book of Hours artist Masters of the Zwolle Bible Principal cataloger Marrow, James Cataloger Herbert, Lynley Cataloger Walters Art Museum curatorial staff and researchers since 1934 Editor Herbert, Lynley Editor Noel, William Copy editor Bockrath, Diane Contributor Bockrath, Diane Contributor Boot, Christine Contributor Dutschke, Consuelo Contributor Emery, Doug Contributor Noel, William Contributor Pizzinato, Riccardo Contributor Tabritha, Ariel Contributor Toth, Michael B. Contributor Valle, Chiara Conservator Owen, Linda Conservator Quandt, Abigail The Walters Art Museum

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 This Book of Hours was created in Zwolle, Netherlands, ca. 1470. It belongs to the group of “Sarijs manuscripts,” which was named after the erroneous citation in most works that identifies the manuscripts as belonging to the same group of “Sarijs” instead of “Marijs” on January 19 of their calendars (also found in W. 918). In a study of this group by Lydia Wierda, the author suggests that these manuscripts were copied by students at the school of the Brethren of the Common Life in Zwolle and also decorated and illustrated in that city (although possibly by professional illuminators) during the period ca. 1470-90 (see Wierda, De Sarijs-handschriften). All of the principal decorative schemes and motifs in W.918, as well as the compositions of its miniatures, have close counterparts in other manuscripts belonging to the group. Baltimore The Walters Art Museum W.918 The primary language in this manuscript is Dutch; Flemish. 1r - 192r Book of Hours 1r - 12v Calendar Januarius Calendar almost full; Use of Utrecht; graded in red and black 13v - 51r Hours of the Virgin Hier beghint die vrouwen tijde Here du salte opdoen 52r - 76v Long Hours of the Cross Hier beghint die cruces ghetide Here Ihesu Christe wi aenbeden 77r - 103r Long Hours of the Holy Spirit Hier beghint die hilige geest tide Here du salte opdoen 104v - 127r Hours of the Eternal Wisdom Hier beghint die wijsheits getide Mijne siele hevet die begheert 128v - 148r Seven Penitential Psalms and litany Hier beghint die seuen Psalme Here in dijnre uerbolghentheit St. Martin the first confessor in the litany, St. Agnes the first virgin 149v - 186v Office of the Dead Hier beghint die langhe vigili Mij hebben ommebeuanghen 187r - 192r Prayers and suffrages Fol. 187r-v: for Communion: Vanden hilighen sacramente (O here huden beghere ic toe ontfaen) [Achten-Knaus, 4, fol. 152r]; fols. 187v-188r: after Communion: Na die ontfancnis (Danc seg ic iu almachtighe God wanttu mi onweerdighe) [version of Gratias tibi ago, Domine sancte, pater omnipotens, eterne Deus ... from the missal, Achten-Knaus, 3, fol. 178r]; fols. 188r-189r: to Mary: Van onse vrou (O alre heilichste O alre soetste O alre guedertierenste) [version of Achten-Knaus, 29, fol. 205v(?), see W.165, fol. 97v]; fol. 189r-v: to one’s guardian angel: Van dinen enghel (O heilighe enghel mijns) [Meertens, VI, 18, 20] + Vs, collect; fols. 189v-190r: to St. Barbara: Van sancte Barbara (O heilighe martelaersche cristi Barbara) [Lieftinck, p. 209, fol. 213v]; fols. 190v-192r: to St. Erasmus: Van sancte Herasmus hilige martelar (Sancte Herasme heilige martelaer) [Meertens, VI, 3, 17] + Vs, collect

Well-finished, thin to medium-weight, cream-colored parchment

 Foliation: i+192+ii14.4 9.8 8.6 6.0 Modern pencil foliation in upper right corners on rectos; flyleaves of seventeenth-century laid paper

i, 1-2(6), 3(10,-10), 4-6(8), 7(6), 8-9(8), 10(10,-1), 11-12(8), 13(14,-1,2), 14-15(8), 16(8,-1), 17(10-10), 18(8), 19(6-1,2), 20(10,-10), 21-23(8), 24(6,-1), 25(6), ii None None Quires begin on fols. 1(1), 7(2), 13(3), 22(4), 30(5), 38(6), 46(7), 52(8), 60(9), 68(10), 77(11), 85(12), 93(13), 105(14), 113(15), 121(16), 128(17), 137(18), 145(19), 149(20), 158(21), 166(22), 174(23), 182(24), 187(25); slice marks near the gutter on fol. 51 suggesting that a miniature has been excised before the beginning of the Hours of the Cross on fol. 52r (possibly the Agony in the Garden of Gethsemane that is now cut down and pasted in as fol. 104v, if not a different subject, such as the Crucifixion); as indicated by a stub after fol. 84, probably lacking a full-page miniature formerly inserted before the beginning of the Hours of the Holy Spirit on fol. 77r (possibly Pentecost); possibly lacking a full-page miniature formerly inserted before the beginning of the Hours of the Eternal Wisdom on fol. 105r (subject uncertain); miniature of the Agony in the Garden of Gethsemane, which has been pasted onto a blank verso as fol. 104v, not a customary subject to illustrate the text, and with its inner edge not matching the contours of the stub before fol. 105 appears to have been added

 Ruled in brown ink (single bounding lines, full across) Written in Gothic bookhand KL in blue on rectos Full-page miniature on fol. 13v; historiated initial on fol. 14r Full-page miniature missing before fol. 52; historiated initial on fol. 52r Full-page miniature missing before fol. 77; historiated initial on fol. 77r Full-page miniature on fol. 104v; historiated initial on fol. 105r Full-page miniature on fol. 128v; historiated initial on fol. 129r Full-page miniature on fol. 149v; historiated initial on fol. 150r Four full-page miniatures surviving; six half-page historiated initials (10 lines) with wide borders; twenty-nine small decorative initials (5 lines) in gold against blue and pink grounds with foliate growths in the margins; small undecorated initials in red and blue throughout (1-2 lines); KL in calendar in blue on rectos; rubrics in red; text in brown ink Annunciation Hours of the Virgin Full-page miniature Initial "H" with the Apocalyptic Madonna and Child Hours of the Virgin: matins Historiated initial "H," 10 lines Initial "H" with Man of Sorrows accompanied by the Arma Christi Hours of the Cross: matins Historiated initial "H," 10 lines Initial "H" with the Throne of Grace Trinity Hours of the Holy Spirit: matins Historiated initial "H," 10 lines Agony in the Garden of Gethsemane Hours of the Eternal Wisdom Full-page miniature Initial "M" with Christ blessing Hours of the Eternal Wisdom: matins Historiated initial "M," 10 lines Last Judgment Seven Penitential Psalms Full-page miniature Initial "H" with King David kneeling in prayer Seven Penitential Psalms Historiated initial "H," 10 lines Harrowing of hell Office of the Dead Full-page miniature Initial "M" with two souls praying in purgatory Office of the Dead Historiated initial "M," 10 lines

Late seventeenth-century Dutch binding; cream- colored vellum over pasteboard, gold-tooled; outer frame of double gold fillets enclosing an inner frame of the same, with canted gold crowns at the outside of each of the four corners (possibly bound in Amsterdam, ca. 1695 in the workshop of Albert Magnus; a virtually identical binding reproduced in Foot, Eloquent Witnesses); sewn on five raised bands; spine gold-tooled in six panels; edges speckled red

 Ca. 1470 CE Zwolle, Netherlands Created by the "Sarijs group" of the Brethren of the Common Life in Zwolle, Netherlands, ca. 1470 (armorial device found on fol. 52r, but may be decorative and not indicate original ownership) Charles W. Reynell, London, ca. 1860 (ownership inscription in ink on back pastedown) C. H. Reynell, Memphis, Tennessee, by descent (his sales at Sotheby's, London, July 5-7, and July 26-28, 1937) Dmitri Tselos, Minnesota, 1941, by purchase in Europe George Tselos and Susan E. Tselos, by descent Museum purchase and partial donation by George Tselos and Susan E. Tselos in memory of their father, Dimitri Tselos, 2006. Purchased through Michael Laird. Relevant Works Wierda, Lydia S. De Sarijs-handschriften. Studie naar een groep laat-middeleeuwse handschriften uit de IJsselstreek (voorheen toegeschreven aan de Agnieteberg bij Zwolle). Zwolle, Netherlands: Wanders, 1995. Foot, Mirjam M., ed. Eloquent Witnesses: Bookbindings and their History. New Castle, DE: Oak Knoll Press, 2004, p. 46, fig. 9. Art Medicine Museum Poetry Script Muhammad, the Prophet Kashmiri Horses Walters Art Museum Document Astrology Devotion History Legal Literature -- Poetry Literature -- Prose Liturgy Philosophy Science Science -- Medicine Scripture Sufism Theology Mineralogy Logic Geography Geomancy Cosmology Cartography Fortune-telling Koran Qur`an Firman Palimpsest Prayer Bible Gospels Psalter Missal Lectionary Book of Hours Antiphonary Homilary Processional Horologion Breviary Hymnal Chronicle Maghreb Sub-Saharan (West) Africa Turkey Afghanistan Central Asia Egypt England India Iran Iraq Pakistan Germany France Austria Netherlands Ethiopia Armenia Flanders Greece Mamluk Mughal Ottoman Ottonian Armenian Byzantine Abbasid Qajar Rajput Christian Arabic Austrian Dutch Egyptian Fatimid German Indian Islamic Persian Safavid Timurid Turkish Umayyad English French Flemish Ethiopian Carolingian Calligraphy Colophon Headpiece Illumination Illustration Medallion Miniature Ornament Painting Early Abbasid script Ragini Romanesque Gothic Watermark Grotesques Historiated initial Inhabited initial White-vine lettering Textura Batarda Humanistic Uncial Accordion book Album Book Codex Manuscript Heraldry Saint's Life Drawing Grisaille Binding New Abbasid style Musical notation Russia Romania Charter Russian Genealogy Mass book Prayer book Gospel Lectionary Psalter-Hours Treatise Grammar Gloss Pontifical Private devotional text Gradual Protective scroll Scroll 10th century 11th century 12th century 13th century 14th century 15th century 16th century 17th century 18th century 19th century 20th century 8th century 9th century Block book Caroline minuscule Central Arab lands (Near East) Chart English secretary hand Kufic Gothic book hand Original binding Treasure binding Gospel Book Spanish Spain Italian Italy Liturgical Devotional Scriptural Theological Legal Historical Scientific Scientific -- Medical Literary -- Prose Literary -- Poetry Philosophical Astrological Sufi English Book Christian Codex Illumination Manuscript Miniature Walters Art Museum Dutch Devotion Book of Hours Netherlands Binding Historiated initial 15th century